C: Czechoslovakia: increase tension, crisis, reaction

• What government was established in Czechoslovakia at the end of WW2?

  Pro-Soviet government under Klement Gottwald
• What was the state of freedom of speech in Czechoslovakia after the establishment of the pro-Soviet government?

  There was no freedom of speech
• What actions did the government carry out between 1949 and 1954?

  The government carried out purges
• What led to student demonstrations in 1966?

  Economic and political problems
• Who became the leader of Czechoslovakia in 1968?

  Alexander Dubcek
• What was Dubcek's vision for the government?

  Socialism with a human face
• What reforms did Dubcek start to offer?

  Relaxed censorship and increased trade with the West
• What was the term used for the reforms initiated by Dubcek?

  Prague Spring
• Why did Brezhnev become concerned during the Prague Spring?

  He feared the reforms would weaken Soviet control
• What action did Brezhnev take in response to the Prague Spring?

  Ordered Warsaw Pact troops to carry out maneuvers
• What happened when Duncan invited Ceausescu and Tito to Prague?

  Brezhnev ordered an invasion
• When did the Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia?

  On 20th August 1968
• How many Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia?

  500,000 troops
• What was Dubcek's advice to the Czech people during the invasion?

  Not to fight back
• What happened to Duncan after the invasion?

  He was arrested and sent to Moscow
• when did khrushchev get replaced by brezhnev?

  1964
• Who replaced Dubcek after the Prague Spring?

  Gustav Husak
• What was one consequence of Husak's orders after the Prague Spring?

  Over a thousand arrests were made
• What doctrine did Brezhnev introduce on September 26th?

  The Brezhnev Doctrine
• What did the Brezhnev Doctrine state regarding Warsaw Pact countries?

  They must prevent liberal actions threatening others
• How did the Brezhnev Doctrine affect Soviet control over Eastern Europe?

  It increased Soviet control over Warsaw Pact countries
• Which countries condemned the invasion during the Prague Spring aftermath?

  Yugoslavia and Romania
• How did the communist parties of Italy and France respond to the USSR after the invasion?

  They were critical and cut links to Moscow
• What was the reaction of the governments of East Germany and Poland to Brezhnev's actions?

  They welcomed the actions for security reasons
• What did Western countries attempt to do in response to the invasion?

  Pass a UN resolution condemning the invasion
• Why did the USSR veto the UN resolution condemning the invasion?

  To maintain control over the narrative
• What was the USA's position regarding the Soviet invasion during the Prague Spring?

  They protested but were involved in Vietnam
• What policy was the USA beginning to adopt during the Prague Spring events?

  Policy of détente