crude oil and hydrocarbons

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  How crude oil is formed
• What is meant by a hydrocarbon?

  Molecules made of hydrogen and carbon
• What is an alkane?

  A type of hydrocarbon with single bonds
• What products are derived from crude oil?

  • Plastics
  • Petrol
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Cosmetics
• How is crude oil formed?

  From remains of tiny sea creatures buried in mud
• What type of resource is crude oil?

  Finite resource
• What is the formula for methane?

  $CH_4$
• What does the structure of methane consist of?

  One carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms
• What is the definition of a hydrocarbon?

  Molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
• What are hydrocarbons like methane and ethane called?

  Alkanes
• What is the general formula for alkanes?

  • General formula: $C_nH_{2n+2}$
  • Where n = number of carbon atoms
• If an alkane has one carbon atom, how many hydrogen atoms does it have?

  Four hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does ethane have if it has two carbon atoms?

  Six hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does propane have with three carbon atoms?

  Eight hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does butane have with four carbon atoms?

  Ten hydrogen atoms
• What are the structures of the first four alkanes?

  • Methane: $CH_4$
  • Ethane: $C_2H_6$
  • Propane: $C_3H_8$
  • Butane: $C_4H_{10}$
• Why are alkanes considered saturated molecules?

  Because carbon atoms are fully bonded to hydrogen
• What should you memorize for the exam regarding alkanes?

  The structures of methane, ethane, propane, and butane
• What resources can be found in the revision workbook?

  • Plenty of questions on hydrocarbons