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Chemistry
atoms and ions
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Cards (28)
What are all things made up of?
Lots of
tiny
particles
called
atoms
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How many atoms does a single cell contain?
More than
100
trillion
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What is the basic structure of an atom?
A
central nucleus
surrounded by
electrons
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What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons
and
neutrons
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What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
Both have a relative mass of
one
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How does the mass of electrons compare to protons and neutrons?
Electrons are
2000
times
smaller
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What charge do protons have?
Positive
charge of
one
plus
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What charge do neutrons have?
No
charge
, they are
neutral
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What charge do electrons have?
Negative
charge of
one
minus
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How can you remember the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons
are
positive
,
neutrons
are
neutral
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What is the typical radius of an atom?
Around
0.1
nanometers
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What is mostly found in an atom?
Empty space
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How does the size of the nucleus compare to the atom?
The nucleus is
10
,
000
times
smaller
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What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
It becomes an
ion
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What is a negative ion?
An atom with more
electrons
than
protons
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How do you denote a one minus negative ion?
By having one extra
electron
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What is a positive ion?
An atom with more
protons
than
electrons
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How do you denote a one plus positive ion?
By having one less
electron
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What does the periodic table represent?
Different types of
atoms
Each box is an
element
Contains information about elements
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What does the elemental symbol represent?
It represents the
element
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What does the atomic number indicate?
How many
protons
an atom has
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Why is the atomic number important?
It determines the
element
type
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How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Mass number
minus
atomic number
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How many neutrons does oxygen have?
Eight
neutrons
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How many neutrons does lithium have?
Four
neutrons
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How many electrons does an atom have?
Same as the number of
protons
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How many electrons does oxygen have?
Eight
electrons
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How many electrons does lithium have?
Three
electrons
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