atoms and ions

Cards (28)

  • What are all things made up of?
    Lots of tiny particles called atoms
  • How many atoms does a single cell contain?
    More than 100 trillion
  • What is the basic structure of an atom?
    A central nucleus surrounded by electrons
  • What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
    Protons and neutrons
  • What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
    Both have a relative mass of one
  • How does the mass of electrons compare to protons and neutrons?
    Electrons are 2000 times smaller
  • What charge do protons have?
    Positive charge of one plus
  • What charge do neutrons have?
    No charge, they are neutral
  • What charge do electrons have?
    Negative charge of one minus
  • How can you remember the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
    Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral
  • What is the typical radius of an atom?
    Around 0.1 nanometers
  • What is mostly found in an atom?
    Empty space
  • How does the size of the nucleus compare to the atom?
    The nucleus is 10,000 times smaller
  • What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
    It becomes an ion
  • What is a negative ion?
    An atom with more electrons than protons
  • How do you denote a one minus negative ion?
    By having one extra electron
  • What is a positive ion?
    An atom with more protons than electrons
  • How do you denote a one plus positive ion?
    By having one less electron
  • What does the periodic table represent?
    • Different types of atoms
    • Each box is an element
    • Contains information about elements
  • What does the elemental symbol represent?
    It represents the element
  • What does the atomic number indicate?
    How many protons an atom has
  • Why is the atomic number important?
    It determines the element type
  • How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
    Mass number minus atomic number
  • How many neutrons does oxygen have?
    Eight neutrons
  • How many neutrons does lithium have?
    Four neutrons
  • How many electrons does an atom have?
    Same as the number of protons
  • How many electrons does oxygen have?
    Eight electrons
  • How many electrons does lithium have?
    Three electrons