elements, isotopes and relative atomic mass

• What is an atom made up of?

  A central nucleus and orbiting electrons
• What determines the identity of an element?

  The number of protons in its nucleus
• What is the smallest element?

  Hydrogen
• How many protons does hydrogen have?

  One proton
• How many protons and neutrons does helium have?

  Two protons and two neutrons
• How many different elements are there approximately?

  Around 100 different elements
• What do the boxes in the periodic table represent?

  Different elements
• What is the atomic number?

  The number of protons in an atom
• What does an atomic number of two indicate?

  The element is helium
• What is the atomic number of carbon?

  Six
• If an atom has three protons, what element is it?

  Lithium
• What does the symbol 'C' represent?

  Carbon
• What does the symbol 'Li' stand for?

  Lithium
• Why are some element symbols confusing?

  They don't always match the element name
• What are isotopes?

  Different forms of the same element
• What do isotopes have in common?

  The same number of protons
• What is the most common form of carbon?

  Carbon-12
• How many neutrons does carbon-12 have?

  Six neutrons
• What is carbon-13?

  An isotope with seven neutrons
• What does the mass number indicate?

  The total number of protons and neutrons
• What is the relative atomic mass?

  The average mass of all isotopes
• What is the abundance of an isotope?

  How common or rare that isotope is
• How do you calculate the relative atomic mass?

  Sum of isotope abundance times mass divided by total abundance
• What is the first step in calculating relative atomic mass for copper?

  Multiply each isotope's abundance by its mass
• What is the abundance of copper-63?

  69.2 percent
• What is the mass of copper-63?

  63
• What is the mass of copper-65?

  65
• What is the total abundance of copper isotopes?

  100 percent
• What is the final relative atomic mass of copper to one decimal place?

  63.6
• What symbol denotes relative atomic mass?

  Ar
• What is the process to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element?

  1. Multiply each isotope's abundance by its mass.
  2. Sum these values.
  3. Divide by the total abundance of isotopes.
• What are the key features of nuclear symbols?

  • Atomic number in the bottom left
  • One or two letter symbol for the element
  • Represents the number of protons
• What are the characteristics of isotopes?

  • Same number of protons
  • Different number of neutrons
  • React chemically in similar ways
• What is the significance of the periodic table?

  • Organizes all known elements
  • Displays atomic numbers and symbols
  • Helps identify elements based on protons