Methodology

• What type of experiment was conducted in the study?

  Quasi experiment
• What design was used in the experiment?

  Matched pairs design
• What was the independent variable in the study?

  Murderers pleading not guilty by insanity
• What was the dependent variable in the study?

  Brain differences in individuals
• How many murderers participated in the study?

  41 murderers
• What was the gender distribution of the murderers?

  39 men and 2 women
• How many participants had schizophrenia?

  6 participants
• How many participants had a history of head injury or organic damage?

  23 participants
• How many participants had a history of psychoactive drug abuse?

  3 participants
• How many participants had an affective disorder?

  2 participants
• How many participants had epilepsy?

  2 participants
• How many participants had a history of hyperactivity?

  3 participants
• How were participants matched with the control group?

  Matched with similar individuals without psychiatric illness
• What was the condition regarding medication during the study?

  No participants were taking medication during urine sampling
• Where were participants referred for examination?

  University of California
• Who were the researchers focused on the study?

  Adrian Raine, Monte Buchsbaum, Loni La Casserole
• What was the rationale for the murderers' plea?

  They claimed to be insane at the time
• What are the characteristics of the participants in the study?

  • 41 murderers: 39 men, 2 women
  • 6 with schizophrenia
  • 23 with head injury or organic damage
  • 3 with psychoactive drug abuse history
  • 2 with affective disorder
  • 2 with epilepsy
  • 3 with hyperactivity history