Geo

• What is the title of Booklet 2 in the Year 10 curriculum?

  Natural Disasters
• What are the learning outcomes for the unit on Natural Disasters?

  • Know the anatomy of a volcano
  • Understand different states and types of volcanoes
  • Know why people live near volcanoes
  • Understand causes and effects of volcanic eruptions
  • Understand what an earthquake is
  • Understand how earthquakes are measured
  • Understand what happens in earthquakes
  • How to predict, plan, and prepare for natural disasters
  • Understand the effects of earthquakes
  • Understand how earthquake danger can be reduced
  • Understand causes and effects of tsunamis
• What should students know about the anatomy of a volcano?

  Students should know the anatomy of a volcano.
• Why is it important to understand the different states and types of volcanoes?

  To comprehend their behavior and risks
• What is a reason people choose to live near volcanoes?

  Fertile soil for agriculture
• What are the causes of volcanic eruptions?

  Movement of tectonic plates and magma pressure
• What are the effects of volcanic eruptions?

  Destruction of land, ash clouds, and lava flows
• What is an earthquake?

  A sudden shaking of the ground
• How are earthquakes measured?

  Using seismographs and the Richter scale
• What happens during an earthquake?

  The ground shakes due to tectonic movement
• How can people predict natural disasters?

  By monitoring geological activity and patterns
• What are the effects of earthquakes?

  Structural damage, tsunamis, and loss of life
• How can earthquake danger be reduced?

  Through building codes and emergency preparedness
• What are the causes of tsunamis?

  Underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides
• What are the effects of tsunamis?

  Massive flooding, destruction of coastal areas
• What are the specific types of volcanoes students should know about?

  Shield, composite, and cinder cone volcanoes
• What are the specific states of volcanoes?

  Active, dormant, and extinct states
• What are the methods for preparing for natural disasters?

  • Emergency kits and supplies
  • Community drills and education
  • Building infrastructure to withstand disasters
  • Developing evacuation plans
• What are the specific effects of tsunamis?

  • Flooding of coastal areas
  • Destruction of infrastructure
  • Loss of life and displacement of communities
  • Long-term environmental impacts
• What is the anatomy of a volcano?

  Structure and components of a volcano
• What are the different states of volcanoes?

  Active, dormant, and extinct
• Why do people choose to live near volcanoes?

  Fertile land, tourism, and geothermal energy
• What is a volcano?

  An opening in the Earth's crust
• How do tectonic plates relate to volcanic eruptions?

  They move and create magma buildup
• What happens when magma escapes from a volcano?

  It becomes lava and solidifies
• What triggers a volcanic eruption?

  Movement of tectonic plates causing fissures
• What are the three states of a volcano?

  • Active: Recently erupted, may erupt again
  • Dormant: 'Sleeping', may erupt in future
  • Extinct: Thought to be incapable of erupting
• What are the components of a volcano's anatomy?

  Ash cloud, crater, lava flow, etc.
• What characterizes a composite volcano?

  Acidic lava, steep sides, alternating layers
• What are the characteristics of shield volcanoes?

  Basic lava, gentle sides, less violent eruptions
• What is geothermal energy?

  Energy harnessed from the Earth's heat
• Why do farmers benefit from living near volcanoes?

  Volcanic rock and ash create fertile land
• What are the negative impacts of living near volcanoes?

  Air pollution, destruction from eruptions
• What is the role of seismometers in monitoring volcanoes?

  Measure earthquakes near volcanic activity
• How do tiltmeters help in monitoring volcanoes?

  They detect changes in the landscape
• What is the significance of monitoring gases from a volcano?

  Increased sulfur dioxide indicates eruptions
• What are the effects of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland?

  Contaminated water, damaged agriculture, stranded people
• What were the international effects of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption?

  Flight cancellations and wasted perishable foods
• What benefits arose from the Eyjafjallajökull eruption?

  Reduced carbon emissions and increased train travel
• What is the focus in relation to earthquakes?

  The point where an earthquake originates