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Pharmacology
Week 2
Drug Absorption
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Cards (25)
What is drug absorption?
Movement of a drug into the
blood
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How does drug absorption influence drug effectiveness?
It affects how well the drug
works
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What does the rate of absorption influence?
How quickly a drug can have
effects
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Why is quick absorption important for headache relief?
To reduce pain levels
rapidly
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What happens if there is little drug absorption?
Not much of the dose enters the
blood
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What did we discuss last week related to drug absorption?
Therapeutic range
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What are the factors affecting drug absorption?
Lipid solubility
Activity of
drug transporters
Drug
ionization
Surface area of
absorption site
Gastric emptying rate
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What is the relationship between lipid solubility and drug absorption?
More
lipophilic
drugs cross membranes easily
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Why do hydrophilic drugs need transport proteins for better absorption?
They don't cross
membranes
well by
diffusion
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What is the role of uptake transporters?
They increase
drug absorption
into cells
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How do efflux transporters affect drug absorption?
They
decrease
absorption by
moving
drugs
out
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How does drug ionization affect absorption?
Ionized drugs are less
lipophilic
and absorb poorly
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Where might a weak acid be absorbed more efficiently?
In the
stomach
due to low
pH
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Why is the small intestine the optimal site for drug absorption?
It has a
large surface area
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What negatively impacts drug absorption in the stomach?
Thick
mucus layer
and small surface area
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How does gastric emptying affect drug absorption?
Faster emptying increases
absorption rate
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What factors affect gastric emptying?
Consistency of food (liquids vs solids)
Composition of meal (
fatty
meals slow emptying)
Body position (sitting/standing vs lying down)
Other drugs affecting
GI
motility
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How does food consistency affect gastric emptying?
Liquids
move faster than
solid foods
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What effect do fatty meals have on gastric emptying?
They slow down
stomach motility
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How does body position influence gastric emptying?
Sitting
or
standing
increases
emptying rate
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Which side should a patient lie on for faster gastric emptying?
Right
side due to stomach orientation
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How can other medications affect drug absorption?
They can change the
rate
of
gastric emptying
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What is a significant takeaway regarding drug absorption?
More absorption leads to more
intense effects
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How does the speed of absorption relate to drug effects?
Faster absorption leads to
quicker
effects
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How does drug absorption relate to the therapeutic window?
More absorption increases
drug levels
in blood
Faster absorption leads to quicker
therapeutic effects
Important for maintaining effective drug concentrations
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