supplying electricity

Cards (30)

  • What type of current does a cell or battery provide?
    Direct current
  • How does direct current flow?
    It flows in one direction only
  • What type of current does mains electricity provide?
    Alternating current
  • What happens to the direction of alternating current?
    It repeatedly reverses direction
  • What is the frequency of mains electricity supply in the UK?
    50Hz
  • What is the voltage of mains electricity in the UK?
    230V
  • What color is the earth wire?
    Yellow/green
  • What is the purpose of the earth wire?
    To stop the appliance becoming live
  • What is the potential difference of the earth wire?
    0V
  • When does the earth wire carry a current?
    Only if there is a fault
  • What color is the neutral wire?
    Blue
  • What is the function of the neutral wire?
    It completes the circuit
  • What is the potential difference of the neutral wire?
    0V
  • What color is the live wire?
    Brown
  • Why is the live wire considered dangerous?
    It has a high potential difference of 230V
  • What happens if you touch the live wire?
    A large current could flow through you
  • Where is the fuse connected?
    To the live wire
  • What occurs during a short circuit?
    The live wire touches the neutral wire
  • What happens to the fuse during a short circuit?
    It melts and disconnects the live wire
  • What is the purpose of a plastic case in electrical appliances?
    It is a good electrical insulator
  • Why are copper wires used in electrical appliances?
    They are good electrical conductors
  • What is the national grid?
    A network linking power stations to consumers
  • What do transformers do in the national grid?
    Change the potential difference of alternating current
  • At what potential difference do power stations generate electricity?
    About 25,000V
  • What is the role of step-up transformers?
    To increase potential difference for transmission
  • What potential difference do cables in the national grid transfer electrical power at?
    Up to 400,000V
  • What is the purpose of step-down transformers?
    To decrease potential difference for safety
  • What potential difference do homes and offices use?
    230V
  • What are the key components of a plug and their functions?
    • Earth wire (yellow/green): Safety wire, 0V potential difference
    • Neutral wire (blue): Completes the circuit, 0V potential difference
    • Live wire (brown): Dangerous, 230V potential difference
  • What are the functions of transformers in the national grid?
    • Step-up transformers: Increase potential difference for transmission
    • Step-down transformers: Decrease potential difference for safe use in homes