Cloning animals

• What was the first animal cloned in 1996?

  Dolly the sheep
• What is the first step in cloning an animal?

  Remove the nucleus from an egg cell
• What type of cell is taken from the organism to be cloned?

  Adult body cell
• What happens after the nucleus from the adult body cell is placed into the enucleated egg cell?

  The cell is stimulated to divide
• What is a clone?

  An individual genetically identical to another
• What is removed when you 'enucleate' a cell?

  The nucleus
• What is the surrogate mother known for?

  Giving birth to the cloned animal
• What is a transgenic organism?

  An organism with DNA from another species
• Why do scientists clone transgenic organisms?

  To produce consistent human proteins
• What is the first step in cloning by embryo transplants?

  Pick male and female cows with desirable traits
• What is formed when sperm fertilizes an egg?

  A zygote
• What is the result of implanting each embryo into a surrogate cow?

  Identical clones are produced
• What are the advantages of embryo cloning over selective breeding?

  • All offspring are identical
  • Faster process
  • More offspring produced
  • No need for natural mating
• What process produces gametes?

  Meiosis
• What process is used for growth, repair, or development?

  Mitosis
• What is the main purpose of mitosis?

  Growth and repair of cells
• What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

  Mitosis produces somatic cells, meiosis produces gametes