fundamental ideas

• What is the symbol for solid state?


  (s)
• What is a characteristic of solids?

  Fixed shape and volume
• What is the symbol for liquid state?

  (l)
• How do liquids behave in different containers?

  They change shape to fit the container
• What is the symbol for gas state?

  (g)
• What is a property of gases?

  They are easily compressed
• What are all substances made up of?

  Particles
• How do particles in solids behave?

  They are fixed in place
• What describes the movement of particles?

  Described by kinetic energy
• What is sublimation?

  Solid to gas transition
• What is deposition?

  Gas to solid transition
• What happens at the melting point?

  Solid becomes liquid
• What happens at the boiling point?

  Liquid becomes gas
• What is an element?

  Cannot be broken into simpler substances
• What do atoms join together to form?

  Molecules
• What does a chemical formula indicate?

  Number of atoms in a substance
• What is a compound?

  Two or more different elements chemically joined
• How do the properties of a compound compare to its elements?

  They are not the same
• What are the methods of separation in chemistry?

  • Filtration: separates insoluble solid from liquid
  • Crystallization: separates soluble solute from solvent
  • Distillation: separates solute from solvent, collects both
  • Fractional distillation: separates liquids with different boiling points
• What is the purpose of filtration?

  To separate insoluble solid from liquid
• What happens during crystallization?

  Solvent evaporates, leaving solute behind
• How does distillation work?

  Separates solute from solvent and collects both
• What is the residue in filtration?

  The solid left behind after filtration
• What is the role of filter paper in filtration?

  It allows liquid to pass while retaining solids