anaerobic

• What is anaerobic respiration used for?

  When there's not enough oxygen
• What happens to muscles during vigorous exercise when oxygen is insufficient?

  They start doing anaerobic respiration
• What does "anaerobic" mean?

  Without oxygen
• What is produced during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

  Lactic acid
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

  glucose → lactic acid
• Why does anaerobic respiration transfer less energy than aerobic respiration?

  Glucose isn't fully oxidised
• When is anaerobic respiration particularly useful?

  In emergencies, like during exercise
• What do plants and yeast produce during anaerobic respiration?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

  Fermentation
• Why is fermentation by yeast valuable to the food and drinks industry?

  It is used to make bread and alcoholic drinks
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• How does carbon dioxide from fermentation affect bread-making?

  It makes bread rise
• What does the fermentation process produce in beer and wine-making?

  Alcohol
• What are the key differences between anaerobic respiration in muscles and in plants/yeast?

  • Muscles produce lactic acid
  • Plants and yeast produce ethanol and carbon dioxide
  • Anaerobic respiration in yeast is called fermentation
• What are the applications of anaerobic respiration in different organisms?

  • In muscles: Provides energy during intense exercise
  • In yeast: Used for fermentation in food and drinks
  • In plants: Allows survival in low oxygen conditions