the heart

• What is the role of the circulatory system?

  To transport oxygen and nutrients
• What are the three main components of the circulatory system?

  Blood, blood vessels, and heart
• What does blood carry in the circulatory system?

  Oxygen and nutrients
• How does the heart function in the circulatory system?

  It pumps blood to keep it moving
• What is the structure of the circulatory system?

  • Composed of blood, blood vessels, and heart
  • Blood carries oxygen and nutrients
  • Blood vessels hold blood
  • Heart pumps blood
• What is meant by a double circulatory system?

  It has two distinct loops for blood flow
• What happens to deoxygenated blood in the circulatory system?

  It goes to the lungs to gain oxygen
• What do the two loops in the double circulatory system do?

  One carries deoxygenated blood, the other oxygenated
• How many chambers does the heart have?

  Four chambers
• What are the top chambers of the heart called?

  Atria
• What is the individual top chamber of the heart called?

  Atrium
• What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

  Ventricles
• What is the function of valves in the heart?

  To prevent blood from flowing backwards
• Describe the path blood takes through the heart.

  From vena cava and pulmonary vein to atria
• What happens when the atria contract?

  They push blood into the ventricles
• What do the ventricles do after the atria contract?

  They contract and push blood out
• What are the two arteries blood is pushed into from the heart?

  Pulmonary artery and aorta
• How often does the heart cycle repeat?

  About 70 times a minute
• What is the role of pacemaker cells in the heart?

  They produce electrical impulses for contraction
• What happens if pacemaker cells malfunction?

  Doctors can implant an artificial pacemaker
• What does the term artery refer to?

  Any vessel carrying blood away from the heart
• What does the term vein refer to?

  Any vessel carrying blood to the heart
• Why can the pulmonary artery carry deoxygenated blood?

  It carries blood away from the heart
• Why can the pulmonary vein carry oxygenated blood?

  It carries blood to the heart from the lungs
• What supplies the heart with its own oxygenated blood?

  Coronary arteries
• What do coronary arteries do?

  They supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart
• What are the key components of the heart's structure?

  • Four chambers: atria and ventricles
  • Thick muscular walls
  • Valves to prevent backflow
  • Arteries and veins connected
• What are the differences between arteries and veins?

  • Arteries: carry blood away from heart
  • Veins: carry blood to the heart
  • Arteries usually carry oxygenated blood
  • Veins usually carry deoxygenated blood