cell division

Cards (42)

  • What do both plant and animal cells contain?
    A nucleus
  • What are chromosomes made of?
    The molecule DNA
  • How many of each chromosome do body cells contain?
    Two of each chromosome
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do human body cells have?
    23 pairs of chromosomes
  • What are gametes in terms of chromosomes?
    They have unpaired chromosomes
  • What do chromosomes carry that determines features?
    A large number of genes
  • What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
    Cells must be able to divide
  • What are the two ways cells can divide?
    Mitosis or meiosis
  • What is the first stage of the cell cycle?
    DNA replicates to form copies
  • What happens to the cell during the first stage of the cell cycle?
    The cell grows and copies internal structures
  • What is the second stage of the cell cycle?
    Mitosis takes place
  • What happens during mitosis?
    One set of chromosomes is pulled apart
  • What divides in the final stage of the cell cycle?
    The cytoplasm and cell membrane
  • What is the result of the cell cycle?
    Two identical cells are formed
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do the resulting cells have?
    Two pairs of chromosomes
  • What is a common misconception about the stages of mitosis?
    Many textbooks show different stages
  • What is one function of mitosis?
    Essential for growth and development
  • When does mitosis take place in organisms?
    When an organism repairs itself
  • What is another function of mitosis?
    Occurs during asexual reproduction
  • What are the stages of the cell cycle involving mitosis?
    1. DNA replication
    2. Mitosis
    3. Cytokinesis
  • What are the functions of mitosis?
    • Essential for growth and development
    • Repairs damaged tissues
    • Occurs during asexual reproduction
  • Why do multicellular eukaryotic organisms need new cells?
    For growth, development, and repair
  • What is the process called through which cells are generated?
    The cell cycle
  • What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
    Growth, DNA replication, and mitosis
  • What happens during the first step of the cell cycle?
    The cell grows and increases subcellular structures
  • What occurs during DNA replication in the cell cycle?
    The DNA is duplicated for new cells
  • How does DNA appear when a cell is not dividing?
    It is spread out in long strings
  • What happens to DNA when a cell prepares for division?
    It condenses into chromosomes
  • What do chromosomes contain?
    A large number of genes
  • How many copies of each chromosome do eukaryotic cells have?
    Two copies, forming a pair
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
    23 pairs
  • Why can't animals of different species reproduce fertile offspring?
    They have different numbers of chromosomes
  • What shape do duplicated chromosomes take?
    An X shape
  • What is the significance of the right and left arms of a chromosome?
    They are duplicates of each other
  • What happens to chromosomes during cell division?
    They line up along the center of the cell
  • What attaches to the chromosomes during division?
    Fibers from either side of the cell
  • What do the fibers do during cell division?
    They pull the arms of the chromosomes apart
  • What is the final stage of the cell cycle called?
    Cytokinesis
  • What occurs during cytokinesis?
    The cell membrane and cytoplasm pull apart
  • What do the resulting daughter cells contribute to?
    Growth, development, or repair