The Electromagnetic and Strong Force

• What is the electromagnetic force between?

  Charged particles
• What is the exchange particle that carries the electromagnetic force?

  Virtual photon, γ
• What is a property of the photon?

  It has no mass
• What is another property of the photon?

  It has no charge
• What is a third property of the photon?

  It is its own antiparticle
• When do electromagnetic interactions occur?

  When two charged particles interact
• What happens when two charged particles, like electrons, interact?

  A virtual photon is exchanged

  
• What does the electromagnetic force do regarding electrons and atoms?

  It binds electrons to atoms
• Why do electrons bind to the nucleus of an atom?

  Due to attractive forces between charges
• What are hadrons made up of?

  Quarks
• What interaction are hadrons subject to?

  The strong interaction
• What is the exchange particle of the strong interaction between nucleons?

  Pion
• What is the exchange particle of the strong interaction between quarks?

  Gluon

  
• Why can't leptons interact with the strong force?

  They are not made up of quarks
• What is exchanged between an up and down quark during their interaction?

  The gluon

  
• What are the key properties of the photon?

  • No mass
  • No charge
  • Its own antiparticle
• What are the differences between hadrons and leptons regarding the strong force?

  • Hadrons: made of quarks, interact with strong force
  • Leptons: not made of quarks, do not interact with strong force