Period of Simple Pendulum

• What does a simple pendulum consist of?

  A string and a bob

  
• What is the bob of a simple pendulum generally considered to be?

  A point mass
• How does the bob of a simple pendulum move?

  From side to side
• What is the nature of the string in a simple pendulum?

  Light and inextensible
• Where is the string of a simple pendulum attached?

  To a fixed point above equilibrium
• What is the formula for the time period of a simple pendulum?

  T = 2π√(L/g)

  
• What does the time period of a simple pendulum depend on?

  Gravitational field strength
• How would the time period of a pendulum differ on the Moon compared to Earth?

  It would be different due to gravity
• What is the small angle approximation for the time period of a pendulum?

  Valid for angles θ < 10°
• What is the restoring force of the pendulum?

  The weight component acting along the arc
• How is the restoring force resolved when considering SHM?

  Acts at an angle θ to the horizontal
• What is assumed about the restoring force in small angle approximation?

  It acts along the horizontal
• What does sin θ approximate to in small angle approximation?

  sin θ ≅ θ
• If a simple pendulum has a time period of 7 s on Earth, how would you calculate its time period on the Moon?

  Use the ratio of gravitational strengths

  
• What is the gravitational field strength on the Moon compared to Earth?

  1/6 of that on Earth
• What are the key characteristics of a simple pendulum's motion?

  • Oscillates back and forth
  • Period depends on length and gravity
  • Small angle approximation applies for θ < 10°
• What factors affect the time period of a simple pendulum?

  • Length of the string (L)
  • Gravitational field strength (g)