Bowlbys 44 thieves study 1944

• What was the focus of Bowlby's 1944 study?

  The link between affectionless psychopathy and maternal deprivation
• What was the sample size of Bowlby's 44 thieves study?

  44 criminal teenagers
• How were the 'thieves' assessed in Bowlby's study?

  They were interviewed for signs of affectionless psychopathy
• What characterizes affectionless psychopathy according to Bowlby?

  Lack of affection, guilt, and empathy
• What additional interviews were conducted in Bowlby's study?

  Interviews with the families of the thieves
• What was the control group in Bowlby's study?

  44 non-criminal but emotionally disturbed young people
• How many thieves were identified as affectionless psychopaths?

  14 thieves
• What percentage of affectionless psychopaths experienced prolonged separation?

  12 out of 14 psychopaths
• How many of the remaining 30 thieves experienced separations?

  5 thieves
• How many participants in the control group experienced long separations?

  2 participants
• What conclusion did Bowlby draw from his study?

  Prolonged early separation causes affectionless psychopathy
• What is a limitation of Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation?

  The evidence quality is poor and biased
• Who conducted the family interviews in Bowlby's study?

  Bowlby himself
• How did Bowlby's involvement in the study introduce bias?

  He knew which teenagers to expect psychopathy from
• What influence did Goldfarb's research have on Bowlby's study?

  Bowlby was influenced by Goldfarb's findings
• What confounding variables were present in Goldfarb's study?

  Early trauma and institutional care
• Why would Bowlby's original evidence for maternal deprivation not be taken seriously today?

  It had serious flaws and biases