Institutionalisation

Cards (19)

  • What type of studies have been used to research maternal deprivation?
    Orphan studies
  • What tragic opportunity arose in Romania in the 1990s?
    To study effects of institutional care
  • Who required Romanian women to have five children?
    Former President Nicolai Ceaucescu
  • What happened to many Romanian children due to poverty?
    They ended up in huge orphanages
  • What was the aim of the English and Romanian adoptee (ERA) study?
    To investigate effects of good care
  • How many Romanian orphans were followed in Rutter et al's research?
    165 Romanian orphans
  • At what ages was the development of the orphans assessed?
    4, 6, 11, 15, and 22-25 years
  • What was a significant finding regarding the adoptees' intellectual development?
    Half showed delayed intellectual development
  • How did the mean IQ of children adopted before six months compare to those adopted after two years?
    Higher IQ for those adopted before six months
  • What attachment style was observed in children adopted after six months?
    Disinhibited attachment
  • What are symptoms of disinhibited attachment?
    Attention-seeking and clinginess
  • How did children adopted before six months typically behave in terms of attachment?
    Rarely displayed disinhibited attachment
  • What are the effects of institutionalisation on children?
    • Disinhibited attachment
    • Intellectual disability
    • Delayed emotional and cognitive development
  • What is disinhibited attachment explained as by Rutter?
    An adaptation to multiple caregivers
  • What did Rutter find regarding intellectual disability in children upon arrival in Britain?
    Most showed signs of intellectual disability
  • What happened to most children adopted before six months old in terms of intellectual development?
    They caught up with the control group
  • What role did good parenting play for the Romanian adoptees?
    It compensated for initial problems
  • What is the critical age for attachment formation according to Rutter?
    Before six months
  • What are the key findings of Rutter et al's research on Romanian orphans?
    • Delayed intellectual development in half
    • Mean IQ varies by age of adoption
    • Disinhibited attachment in late adoptees
    • Recovery possible with good care before six months