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Psychology
Attachment
Institutionalisation
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Cards (19)
What type of studies have been used to research maternal deprivation?
Orphan studies
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What tragic opportunity arose in Romania in the 1990s?
To study effects of
institutional
care
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Who required Romanian women to have five children?
Former President
Nicolai Ceaucescu
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What happened to many Romanian children due to poverty?
They ended up in
huge
orphanages
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What was the aim of the English and Romanian adoptee (ERA) study?
To investigate
effects
of
good care
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How many Romanian orphans were followed in Rutter et al's research?
165
Romanian orphans
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At what ages was the development of the orphans assessed?
4
,
6
,
11
,
15
, and
22-25
years
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What was a significant finding regarding the adoptees' intellectual development?
Half
showed
delayed
intellectual development
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How did the mean IQ of children adopted before six months compare to those adopted after two years?
Higher IQ for those adopted
before
six months
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What attachment style was observed in children adopted after six months?
Disinhibited attachment
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What are symptoms of disinhibited attachment?
Attention-seeking
and
clinginess
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How did children adopted before six months typically behave in terms of attachment?
Rarely displayed disinhibited attachment
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What are the effects of institutionalisation on children?
Disinhibited attachment
Intellectual disability
Delayed emotional and cognitive development
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What is disinhibited attachment explained as by Rutter?
An adaptation to multiple
caregivers
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What did Rutter find regarding intellectual disability in children upon arrival in Britain?
Most
showed
signs
of
intellectual disability
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What happened to most children adopted before six months old in terms of intellectual development?
They caught up with the
control group
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What role did good parenting play for the Romanian adoptees?
It
compensated
for
initial problems
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What is the critical age for attachment formation according to Rutter?
Before
six months
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What are the key findings of Rutter et al's research on Romanian orphans?
Delayed
intellectual development in
half
Mean IQ
varies by age of adoption
Disinhibited attachment
in
late adoptees
Recovery possible with good care before six months
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