HEALTH

• What is infection?

  Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms
• What is the first stage of infection?

  Incubation stage
• What occurs during the incubation stage?

  Pathogen enters until first signs appear
• What is the second stage of infection?

  Prodromal stage
• What characterizes the prodromal stage?

  Onset of nonspecific signs like fever
• What is the third stage of infection?

  Illness stage
• What happens during the illness stage?

  More specific signs and symptoms appear
• What is the fourth stage of infection?

  Convalescence stage
• What occurs during the convalescence stage?

  Acute symptoms of infection disappear
• What factors influence the length of recovery?

  Severity of infection and health state
• What does mortality refer to?

  State of being subject to death
• What are the ten leading causes of death in the Philippines (2015)?

  1. Disease of the Heart
  2. Disease of the Vascular System
  3. Malignant Neoplasm
  4. Pneumonia
  5. Accidents
  6. Diabetes Mellitus
  7. Tuberculosis (all forms)
  8. Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases
  9. Diseases Of The Digestive System
  10. Disease of the gastro-urinary
• What was the total number of deaths in the Philippines in 2015?

  580,605
• What are communicable diseases?

  Illnesses passed from person to person
• What is pneumonia?

  Infection in one or both lungs
• Who is most at risk for pneumonia?

  Older than 65 or younger than 2
• What is influenza commonly called?

  The flu
• What is the incubation period for influenza?

  1-3 days
• Who is highly susceptible to the flu?

  People with weakened immune systems
• What is tuberculosis primarily known as?

  Pulmonary tuberculosis
• What is dengue fever?

  Acute viral infection affecting various ages
• What are the signs of dengue fever?

  Onset of high fever lasting 2-7 days
• What are sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

  Infections spread primarily during sex
• What does HIV stand for?

  Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• What does AIDS stand for?

  Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• What does "acquired" mean in the context of AIDS?

  Develops after birth from contact
• What does "syndrome" mean in AIDS?

  Group of symptoms indicating a disease
• What are common misconceptions about communicable diseases?

  1. Oral contraceptives do not prevent STIs.
  2. HIV is not transmitted through sweat and tears.
  3. Tuberculosis is fully curable with medication.
  4. Tuberculosis is not hereditary.
  5. Touching someone with HIV does not transmit it.
• How can one prevent and control pneumonia and bronchitis?

  • Maintain good indoor ventilation
  • Wear surgical masks if symptomatic
  • Keep distance of at least one meter
  • Isolate sick individuals
  • Use personal protective equipment when necessary
• What is bronchitis characterized by?

  Inflammation of the mucous membrane
• What is bacterial pneumonia caused by?

  Certain bacteria, mainly Streptococcus
• What are social determinants contributing to emerging diseases?

  • Demographic factors
  • International travel/tourism
  • Socio-economic factors
  • Environmental factors
• What causes leptospirosis?

  Bacteria of the genus leptospira
• How is SARS transmitted?

  Highly contagious viral illness
• How is chikungunya transmitted?

  Through mosquitoes similar to dengue
• What is meningococcemia?

  Bacterial infection that may lead to meningitis
• Who is most affected by Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease?

  Children below five years old
• What causes Avian Influenza?

  Bird flu type A virus
• What is AH1N1?

  Human respiratory infection caused by H1N1
• What causes Zika Virus Infection?

  Zika virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes