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BIOLOGY SCIENCE
inheritance, variation & evolution
variation & evolution
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erin
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Cards (26)
What can lead to huge variation between individuals?
Differences in
genes
and
environment
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What is the process called that can lead to the evolution of new species?
Natural selection
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What term describes the differences among individuals in a population?
Variation
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What does a phenotype describe?
Observable
characteristics
of an individual
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What two factors determine a phenotype?
Genes
and
environment
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What do genes code for?
Proteins
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What is a genome?
All of your
genes
combined
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Why do identical twins have different appearances?
Due to
environmental factors
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How can the environment affect identical twins' height?
Through
differences
in diet and sleep
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What influences most of our traits?
Interaction of
genes
and
environmental factors
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What causes genetic variation?
Mutations
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What is a mutation?
A change in the
DNA
code
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What is the effect of most mutations on phenotypes?
They
have
no effect
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What can beneficial mutations do?
Make individuals more resistant to
diseases
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How do beneficial mutations affect survival?
They increase chances of survival and
reproduction
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Who proposed the idea of survival of the fittest?
Charles Darwin
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What did Darwin observe about traits in offspring?
Useful
traits were
passed on
more frequently
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What does natural selection describe?
Fittest
individuals being selected to survive
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What is evolution according to Darwin?
Inheritance of
characteristics
over
generations
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What does the theory of evolution imply about current species?
They evolved from different species
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How long ago did simple life forms first develop?
More than
3 billion
years ago
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What evidence supports Darwin's theory of evolution?
Antibiotic
resistance and
fossil
records
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What occurs through natural selection over time?
Genetic changes
leading to suited
phenotypes
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What happens when two populations can no longer interbreed?
A new
species
is formed
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What is the end goal of evolution through natural selection?
Formation of new species
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What are the key concepts of natural selection and evolution?
Variation among individuals
Phenotypes influenced by genes and environment
Mutations create
genetic diversity
Beneficial mutations enhance survival
Survival of the fittest
leads to reproduction
Evolution results in
new species
over generations
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