retrieval failure

• What does research support indicate about retrieval failure?

  Memory is best when cues are available.
• What did Godden, Baddeley, and Carrier-Cassaday find in their studies?

  Cues available at learning improve recall.
• What did Goodwin investigate regarding state-dependent forgetting?

  Effects of intoxication on memory recall.
• How does internal cue matching affect recall according to Goodwin's findings?

  Recall is best when internal cues match.
• What conclusion can be drawn about retrieval failure from the evidence presented?

  A lack of appropriate cues causes forgetting.
• What does Baddeley argue about context effects?

  Context effects are not very strong.
• What is unlikely to cause forgetting according to Baddeley's argument?

  Learning in one room, recalling in another.
• What limitation does retrieval failure have in explaining forgetting?

  It can only explain some forgetting instances.
• What contradictory evidence exists regarding retrieval failure?

  It only explains forgetting during recall, not recognition.
• What did Godden & Baddeley find when using a recognition test?

  Context did not affect recognition performance.
• How does context change affect recall and recognition according to Godden & Baddeley?

  Context change affects recall, not recognition.
• What does the evidence suggest about retrieval failure as an explanation of forgetting?

  It is a limited explanation of forgetting.
• What does the theory of retrieval failure rely on according to the text?

  Poor quality evidence.
• Why can't the findings from Godden & Baddeley be generalized?

  The study is too specific to divers.
• What is a limitation of the lab studies mentioned in the text?

  They lack ecological validity.
• What does the lack of mundane realism in the studies imply?

  Findings can't be applied to everyday memory tasks.
• What does the text conclude about retrieval failure as an explanation of forgetting?

  It relies on poor evidence and is limited.