The heart and circulation

• What type of circulatory system do fish have?

  Single circulatory system
• Where does deoxygenated blood go in fish?

  To the gills
• What happens to blood at the gills of fish?

  It collects oxygen and becomes oxygenated
• After the gills, where does the oxygenated blood go in fish?

  To the organs
• What is a disadvantage of a single circulatory system?

  Blood loses pressure and travels slowly
• What type of circulatory system do humans have?

  Double circulatory system
• Where does deoxygenated blood go in humans?

  To the lungs
• What happens to blood in the lungs of humans?

  It collects oxygen
• What is the benefit of a double circulatory system?

  Blood can travel rapidly to body cells
• What are the four chambers of the human heart?

  • Left atrium
  • Right atrium
  • Left ventricle
  • Right ventricle
• What separates the atria from the ventricles in the heart?

  Valves
• Why does the heart appear back to front in diagrams?

  It shows the view as if looking at a person
• What does the vena cava do?

  Brings oxygenated blood from the body
• What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

  Pumps blood from the heart to the lungs
• What does the pulmonary vein do?

  Brings oxygenated blood to the heart
• What is the function of the aorta?

  Pumps blood from the heart to the body
• What is the pattern of blood flow through the heart?

  1. Blood enters left and right atria
  2. Atria contract, forcing blood into ventricles
  3. Ventricles contract, forcing blood out of heart
  4. Valves prevent backflow into atria
• Why does the left ventricle have a thicker muscular wall than the right ventricle?

  It pumps blood around the entire body
• What do coronary arteries do?

  Supply oxygen to heart muscle cells
• What is the purpose of oxygen in heart muscle cells?

  Used in respiration for energy
• What controls the natural resting heart rate?

  A group of cells in the right atrium
• What is an artificial pacemaker?

  A device that corrects heart rate irregularities
• Where can you find questions on the structure of the heart?

  In the vision workbook
• What should you be able to describe after the lesson?

  • The structure of the heart
  • How the heart pumps blood around the body