B2a

Cards (48)

  • What are the basic building blocks of all living organisms?
    Cells
  • What is a group of cells with a similar structure and function called?
    Tissues
  • What do multiple tissues working together to perform a specific function form?
    Organs
  • What is formed when multiple organs work together to perform a specific function?
    Organ systems
  • What is a living thing referred to as?
    Organism
  • What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?
    Carbohydrase
  • What is the product of carbohydrate digestion?
    Simple sugars
  • Where is carbohydrase made?
    Salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
  • What type of enzyme is amylase?
    A type of carbohydrase
  • What does protease break down?
    Protein
  • What are the products of protein digestion?
    Amino acids
  • Where is protease made?
    Stomach, pancreas, small intestine
  • What type of enzyme breaks down lipids?
    Lipase
  • What are the products of lipid digestion?
    Glycerol and fatty acids
  • Where is lipase made?
    Pancreas, small intestine
  • What chemical is used to test for starch?
    Iodine
  • What color change indicates the presence of starch?
    Brown/orange to blue/black
  • What chemical is used to test for carbohydrates?
    Benedict’s solution
  • What color change indicates the presence of carbohydrates?
    Blue to brick red
  • What chemical is used to test for protein?
    Biuret reagent
  • What color change indicates the presence of protein?
    Blue to purple
  • What chemicals are used to test for lipids?
    Ethanol and water
  • What color change indicates the presence of lipids?
    Clear to cloudy white
  • What are enzymes?
    Proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in the body
  • What theory describes how enzymes work?
    Lock and key theory
  • What is the active site of an enzyme?
    Specific shaped region for substrate binding
  • What happens when an enzyme and substrate bind together?
    They form an enzyme-substrate complex
  • How do enzymes control metabolism?
    By regulating chemical reaction rates
  • What do digestive enzymes convert?
    Insoluble food molecules into soluble molecules
  • What are the soluble products of digestion used for?
    To build new proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
  • What happens to glucose after digestion?
    Some is used in respiration
  • How can enzyme activity be altered?
    By temperature and pH changes
  • What happens to an enzyme if the temperature is too high?
    It denatures
  • What happens to an enzyme if the pH is too high or low?
    It denatures
  • What occurs when an enzyme denatures?
    Its active site changes shape
  • What is the result of an enzyme's active site changing shape?
    It can no longer bind to the substrate
  • What is the role of bile in digestion?
    • Made in the liver, stored in gall bladder
    • Neutralizes stomach acid for optimum pH
    • Emulsifies lipids into small droplets
    • Increases surface area for lipase action
  • What is the digestive system?
    • An organ system
    • Multiple organs work together
    • Function: digest and absorb food
  • What does rate of reaction mean ?
    How fast a reaction is
  • What does denature mean ?
    When the active site of an enzyme changed shape and is no longer complimentary to a substrate