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Biology
B2a
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Created by
Mila hongo
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Cards (48)
What are the basic building blocks of all living organisms?
Cells
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What is a group of cells with a similar structure and function called?
Tissues
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What do multiple tissues working together to perform a specific function form?
Organs
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What is formed when multiple organs work together to perform a specific function?
Organ systems
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What is a living thing referred to as?
Organism
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What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?
Carbohydrase
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What is the product of carbohydrate digestion?
Simple sugars
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Where is carbohydrase made?
Salivary glands
,
pancreas
,
small intestine
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What type of enzyme is amylase?
A type of
carbohydrase
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What does protease break down?
Protein
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What are the products of protein digestion?
Amino acids
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Where is protease made?
Stomach,
pancreas
, small intestine
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What type of enzyme breaks down lipids?
Lipase
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What are the products of lipid digestion?
Glycerol
and
fatty acids
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Where is lipase made?
Pancreas
,
small intestine
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What chemical is used to test for starch?
Iodine
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What color change indicates the presence of starch?
Brown/orange to
blue/black
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What chemical is used to test for carbohydrates?
Benedict’s solution
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What color change indicates the presence of carbohydrates?
Blue to brick red
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What chemical is used to test for protein?
Biuret reagent
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What color change indicates the presence of protein?
Blue to purple
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What chemicals are used to test for lipids?
Ethanol
and
water
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What color change indicates the presence of lipids?
Clear
to
cloudy white
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What are enzymes?
Proteins
that
catalyse
chemical
reactions
in the body
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What theory describes how enzymes work?
Lock and key theory
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What is the active site of an enzyme?
Specific shaped region for
substrate
binding
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What happens when an enzyme and substrate bind
together?
They form an
enzyme-substrate complex
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How do enzymes control metabolism?
By regulating
chemical reaction rates
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What do digestive enzymes convert?
Insoluble
food molecules into soluble molecules
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What are the soluble products of digestion used for?
To build new
proteins
,
lipids
,
carbohydrates
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What happens to glucose after digestion?
Some is used in
respiration
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How can enzyme activity be altered?
By
temperature
and
pH changes
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What happens to an enzyme if the temperature is too high?
It
denatures
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What happens to an enzyme if the pH is too high or low?
It
denatures
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What occurs when an enzyme denatures?
Its
active site
changes shape
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What is the result of an enzyme's active site changing shape?
It can no longer bind to the
substrate
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What is the role of bile in digestion?
Made in the
liver
, stored in
gall bladder
Neutralizes
stomach acid
for
optimum pH
Emulsifies
lipids
into small droplets
Increases surface area for
lipase
action
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What is the digestive system?
An
organ system
Multiple organs work together
Function: digest and
absorb
food
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What does rate of reaction mean ?
How
fast
a
reaction
is
What does denature mean ?
When the
active site
of an enzyme changed shape and is no longer
complimentary
to a
substrate
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