elizabeth

• Who plotted to murder Elizabeth I in the Ridolfi Plot?

  Roberto Ridolfi
• What was the outcome of the Ridolfi Plot?

  The plot failed but reinforced threats
• Who was executed due to the Throckmorton Plot?

  Throckmorton
• What was the impact of the Throckmorton Plot on Catholics?

  Life became more difficult for Catholics
• What was the focus of the Babington Plot?

  Murdering Elizabeth and replacing her with Mary
• What did Philip of Spain's support for the Babington Plot indicate?

  Relations between England and Spain had broken down
• What valuable crops were found in the New World?

  Tobacco and sugar cane
• What was Elizabeth I's strategy regarding Spanish colonies?

  Used Francis Drake to attack them
• What was the significance of Drake's actions against Spain?

  Showed England's defiance of Spanish dominance
• What did Elizabeth order Drake to do in March 1587?

  Attack Spain's navy
• What was the outcome of Drake's raid on Cadiz?

  Destroyed 30 Spanish ships
• What was the Spanish Armada launched in May 1588 composed of?

  130 ships and 30,000 men
• What were the reasons for England's victory over the Spanish Armada?

  Faster ships and effective use of fireships
• What was the role of the Privy Council in Elizabethan government?

  Advisors who helped the monarch govern
• How did Elizabeth I's gender affect her rule?

  Many doubted her capability to rule
• What was the Reformation?

  The Protestant movement challenging Catholicism
• Who were recusants in Elizabethan England?

  Catholics refusing to attend church services
• What was the significance of the Royal Court?

  Included nobles and foreign visitors
• How did Elizabeth I make important decisions?

  Based on divine right and her authority
• What was the social structure in Elizabethan England based on?

  Amount of land owned by individuals
• What was the role of the Reichstag in the Weimar Republic?

  More powerful house of Parliament
• What was the Diktat in the context of the Treaty of Versailles?

  An agreement forced on Germany
• How did the Dolchstoss belief affect German society?

  Blamed civilians for military defeat
• What was the purpose of the Freikorps?

  To control violence from left-wing groups
• What were the economic challenges faced by the Weimar Republic?

  High unemployment and food shortages
• What was the common belief about women's capability in ruling during Elizabeth's time?

  Women were thought incapable of ruling.
• What was Elizabeth's stance on marriage?

  She had no intention of marrying.
• What qualities did Elizabeth possess that were notable for her time?

  She was well educated and made great speeches.
• How did Elizabeth's indecisiveness affect her Privy Council?

  It frustrated her Privy Council members.
• What percentage of England's population lived in the countryside?

  90%
• How was social hierarchy determined in Elizabethan England?

  Based on land ownership.
• What were the main components of the government during Elizabeth's reign?

  Court, Privy Council, parliament, Lords Lieutenant, Justices of the Peace.
• What was the basis of a monarch's authority in Elizabethan England?

  Divine right.
• What could only be done with Parliament's agreement?

  Raising extraordinary taxation.
• What was the religious conflict in Europe during Elizabeth's reign?

  Protestants and Catholics wanted to establish their religion.
• What initiated the English Reformation?

  Henry VIII created the Church of England in 1532.
• What was Elizabeth I's religious affiliation?

  Protestant.
• What was required to change the religion of a country?

  An Act of Parliament.
• What communication issues existed during the Armada's planning?

  Between Medina-Sidonia and Parma.
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Gravelines?

  Defeated the Armada on 8th August 1588.