Elizabethan England

• Who was the King of Spain during the Elizabethan era?

  King Philip II
• Who was the Queen of England during the Elizabethan era?

  Queen Elizabeth I
• Who was the head of the Catholic Church during Elizabeth's reign?

  Pope Pius V
• Who was Mary, Queen of Scots' mother?

  Mary of Guise
• Who served as Elizabeth's Secretary of State?

  Sir William Cecil
• Who was Elizabeth's second Secretary of State and spymaster?

  Sir Francis Walsingham
• What was Sir Francis Drake known for?

  Being a privateer for Elizabeth
• Who was in charge of colonizing the New World?

  Sir Walter Raleigh
• Who was the Spanish Duke that crushed the Dutch Revolt?

  The Duke of Alba
• Who was the Spanish Duke stationed in the Netherlands?

  The Duke of Parma
• Who led the Spanish Armada?

  The Duke of Medina-Sidonia
• Who was the Catholic Earl of Northumberland involved in the Northern Earls' revolt?

  Thomas Percy
• Who was the Catholic Earl of Westmorland involved in the Northern Earls' revolt?

  Charles Neville
• Who was the Protestant Northern Earl supposed to marry Mary, Queen of Scots?

  Thomas Howard
• Who was involved in the Ridolfi Plot against Elizabeth?

  Roberto Ridolfi
• Who was involved in the Throckmorton Plot against Elizabeth?

  Francis Throckmorton
• Who was involved in the Babington Plot against Elizabeth?

  Anthony Babington
• Who was the French heir to the throne that helped Elizabeth in the Netherlands?

  Duke of Alencon
• What was a significant issue regarding Elizabeth's legitimacy as a monarch?

  Her parents' marriage was controversial
• Why was gender a problem for Elizabeth as a queen?

  Society believed men should rule
• What financial issues did Elizabeth face upon becoming queen?

  England was £300,000 in debt
• What was the Auld Alliance?

  An alliance between France and Scotland
• What did Elizabeth want to regain from France to show strength?

  The port of Calais
• What was the English Reformation?

  Changing the church to Protestant
• What was a key difference between Protestantism and Catholicism?

  Protestants reject the Pope's authority
• What was the clergy problem in 1558?

  Most bishops were Catholic and resistant
• What geographical division existed in England regarding religion?

  The north was mostly Catholic
• Who were the Puritans?

  Dedicated Protestants wanting religious purity
• What were the key components of Elizabeth's Religious Settlement in 1559?

  • Act of Supremacy: Elizabeth as head of Church
  • Act of Uniformity: Standardized church appearance
  • Royal Injunctions: Guidelines for clergy conduct
• What was the impact of the Religious Settlement on clergy?

  8000 priests accepted the Oath of Supremacy
• How did the Religious Settlement affect ordinary people?

  Most accepted it due to its flexibility
• What were Recusants?

  Dedicated Catholics who refused to attend church
• What was the role of Protestant bishops in enforcing the Religious Settlement?

  They inspected churches for compliance
• What was the crucifix controversy?

  Puritans opposed the crucifix symbol
• How did Elizabeth respond to Puritan threats regarding the crucifix?

  She conceded to avoid losing bishops
• What were the challenges to the Religious Settlement from Puritans?

  • Disobedience to the Settlement
  • Opposition to Catholic elements
  • Threats of resignation from bishops
• How did Elizabeth's character contribute to her rule?

  She was intelligent and politically savvy
• What was the significance of the Act of Supremacy?

  It established Elizabeth as head of the Church
• What were the implications of the Act of Uniformity?

  Standardized church services and appearances
• How did the Royal Injunctions enforce the Religious Settlement?

  Set guidelines for clergy and church practices