Cell structure

• What are cells considered in biology?

  The basic building blocks of life
• What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?

  A cell
• How do bacteria reproduce when they divide?

  They produce a whole new organism
• What type of cells are animals and plants classified as?

  Eukaryotic cells
• How many types of cells does an adult human contain?

  Over 40 trillion cells
• What are subcellular structures also known as?

  Organelles
• What surrounds both animal and plant cells?

  Cell membranes
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  Controls substances passing in and out
• What does the nucleus contain?

  Genetic material or DNA
• What is cytoplasm?

  A gel-like substance in cells
• What occurs in the cytoplasm?

  Chemical reactions take place
• What is the role of mitochondria in cells?

  Provide energy through respiration
• What process do mitochondria use to release energy?

  Aerobic respiration
• What do ribosomes do in cells?

  Site of protein synthesis
• What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

  Provides support and structure
• What is a permanent vacuole in plant cells?

  A sac containing cell sap
• What is cell sap made of?

  A mixture of sugars, salts, and water
• What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Site of photosynthesis
• What substance do chloroplasts contain that aids photosynthesis?

  Chlorophyll
• What does unicellular mean in the context of bacteria?

  A one cell organism
• What do bacterial cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?

  Mitochondria and chloroplasts
• How is bacterial genetic material organized?

  Single circular strand of DNA
• What are plasmids in bacteria?

  Small rings of DNA with extra genes
• What do flagella do in bacteria?

  Propel the bacteria for movement
• How do flagella help bacteria?

  Allow bacteria to move around