Common Eye Defects and Their Corrections

• What are the two most common vision defects?

  1. Myopia (short-sightedness) – Difficulty seeing distant objects clearly.
  2. Hyperopia (long-sightedness) – Difficulty seeing near objects clearly.
• What causes myopia?

  • Eyeball is too long OR lens is too curved.
  • Light focuses in front of the retina, making distant objects blurry.

  
• How can myopia be corrected?

  • Concave (diverging) lenses spread out light rays before they enter the eye
  • Laser eye surgery can reshape the cornea

  
• What causes hyperopia?

  • Eyeball is too short OR lens is too flat.
  • Light focuses behind the retina, making near objects blurry.

  
• How can hyperopia be corrected?

  • Convex (converging) lenses bend light rays inward before they enter the eye.
  • Replacement lenses can be implanted in severe cases.

  
• How does laser eye surgery correct vision defects?

  • The cornea is reshaped to change how light is focused onto the retina.
  • Used to treat both myopia and hyperopia.