plant + animal cells

• What are cells considered in biology?


  Basic building blocks of life
• What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?

  Cells
• How do bacteria reproduce when they divide?

  They produce a whole new organism
• What distinguishes multicellular organisms from unicellular organisms?

  Multicellular organisms contain many cells
• How many types of cells does an adult human contain?

  Over 40 trillion cells
• What are subcellular structures also known as?

  Organelles
• What surrounds both animal and plant cells?

  Cell membranes
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  Controls substances passing in and out
• What does the nucleus contain?

  Genetic material or DNA
• What is cytoplasm compared to?

  Water filling a water balloon
• What is the role of mitochondria in cells?

  Provide energy through aerobic respiration
• What do ribosomes do in a cell?

  Site of protein synthesis
• What are the similarities and differences between animal and plant cells?

  Similarities:

  • Both have cell membranes
  • Both contain a nucleus
  • Both have cytoplasm, mitochondria, and ribosomes

  
  

  Differences:

  • Plant cells have a rigid cell wall
  • Plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis
  • Plant cells have a permanent vacuole
• What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

  Provides support and structure
• What is contained in the permanent vacuole of plant cells?

  Cell sap, sugars, salts, and water
• What is the process of photosynthesis?

  Plants use sunlight to make sugars
• What substance in chloroplasts absorbs light energy?

  Chlorophyll
• What type of cells are bacteria classified as?

  Prokaryotic cells
• What is a unicellular organism?

  A one-cell organism
• What do bacterial cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?

  Mitochondria and chloroplasts
• How is bacterial DNA structured?

  Single circular strand of DNA
• What are plasmids in bacteria?

  Small rings of DNA with extra genes
• What is the function of flagella in bacteria?

  Propel the bacteria for movement
• How do bacterial cells differ from eukaryotic cells in terms of genetic material?

  Bacterial cells have free-floating DNA
• What is the role of ribosomes in bacterial cells?

  Site of protein synthesis
• What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?

  Cell membranes and ribosomes