Mammalian circulatory system

• What type of circulatory system do mammals have?

  Closed double circulatory system
• What does a closed circulatory system mean?

  All blood vessels are connected in a circuit
• How many times does blood pass through the heart in each circuit?

  Twice
• What are the two circuits in the double circulatory system?

  Heart to lungs and heart to body
• Why do mammals have a double circulatory system?

  To control blood flow pressure
• Why is lower pressure needed in the lungs?

  To prevent damage to capillaries
• What is the effect of lower pressure on blood flow in the lungs?

  Blood flows slower for gas exchange
• What is the purpose of higher pressure in the body circuit?

  To ensure blood reaches all cells
• What are the four major blood vessels associated with the heart?

  Vena cava, pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, aorta
• What do blood vessels connected to the lungs have in their name?

  Pulmonary
• What do blood vessels connected to the kidneys have in their name?

  Renal
• What is the function of the coronary arteries?

  Supply oxygenated blood to the heart
• What is the blood vessel entering the kidneys called?

  Renal artery
• What is the blood vessel exiting the kidneys called?

  Renal vein
• What are the key blood vessels to know for AQA biology?

  • Vena cava
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Aorta
• What are the structures and functions of blood vessels to know?

  • Arteries
  • Arterioles
  • Capillaries
  • Veins