Definitions of abnormality

• What does statistical infrequency define as abnormal behavior?

  Behavior that is unusual or rare
• How does statistical infrequency relate to intelligence?

  It measures intelligence based on IQ scores
• What IQ score is considered abnormal according to statistical infrequency?

  Below 70
• What is the normal distribution of IQ scores?

  • Average IQ is set at 100
  • 68% of people score between 85 and 115
  • 2% of people score below 70
• What is a characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?

  Impulsivity and aggression
• How do social norms define abnormal behavior?

  By collective societal judgments of acceptability
• Why might social norms vary across cultures?

  Because norms are specific to each culture
• What was considered abnormal in the past regarding homosexuality?

  It was viewed as abnormal and illegal
• What is a symptom of antisocial personality disorder according to DSM-5?

  Failure to conform to lawful behavior
• What are the strengths and limitations of statistical infrequency?

  Strengths:

  • Useful in diagnostic processes
  • Provides clear criteria for assessment

  
  

  Limitations:

  • Can label positive unusual traits as abnormal
  • Not sufficient alone for defining abnormality
• How can unusual characteristics be positive?

  High IQ can be seen as positive
• What is a key characteristic of deviation from social norms?

  Behavior that offends societal expectations
• What are the implications of cultural relativism in defining abnormality?

  • Norms vary across cultures
  • Behavior acceptable in one culture may be abnormal in another- like hearing voices
  • Difficult to judge abnormality universally
• What risk is associated with labeling someone as abnormal?

  Potential for human rights abuses
• What historical diagnoses exemplify human rights abuses?

  Nymphomania- woman's excessive sexual drive and drapetomania- slaves running away
• Why is deviation from social norms useful in clinical practice?

  It helps diagnose conditions like antisocial personality disorder
• What are the benefits and problems of labeling unusual people as abnormal?

  Benefits:

  • Access to support services
  • Eligibility for therapy

  
  

  Problems:

  • Social stigma attached to labels
  • Not all unusual individuals need labels
• why can it be argued that we need to use deviation from social norms

  to diagnose antisocial personality disorder (psychopathy)
• symptoms of someone with antisocial personality disorder (psychopathy)

  (psychopathy) is impulsive, aggressive and irresponsible. According to the dsm-5(the manual used by psychiatrists to diagnose mental disorder)an 'absence of prosocial internal standards associated with failure to conform to lawful and culturally normative ethical behaviour.
• What does the term "psychopathology" refer to?

  The study of mental health conditions
• What does "psycho" mean in the word psychopathology?

  It means the mind
• What does "pathology" refer to in psychopathology?

  The study of disease
• What mental health conditions are covered in the psychopathology video series?

  • OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)
  • Depression
  • Phobias
• Which psychological approach is applied to phobias?

  The behaviorist approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to depression?

  The cognitive approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to OCD?

  The biological approach
• Why is defining mental abnormality challenging?

  There is no clear definition for abnormality
• What are the four competing definitions of abnormality discussed?

  1. Statistical infrequency
  2. Failure to function adequately
  3. Deviation from social norms
  4. Deviation from ideal mental health
• What does the statistical infrequency definition state?

  Rare mental conditions indicate abnormality
• How is statistical infrequency measured?

  Using statistics and normal distribution curves
• What is the average IQ score according to the statistical infrequency definition?

  100
• What percentage of the population is considered to have low intelligence?

  Just over two percent
• What is a positive evaluation of statistical infrequency?

  It objectively measures low IQ for support
• What is a criticism of statistical infrequency regarding low intelligence?

  The cutoff for low intelligence is subjective
• Why might high intelligence be a problem for statistical infrequency?

  It includes high intelligence as abnormal
• What is a limitation of the statistical infrequency definition regarding common conditions?

  It doesn't account for common mental disorders
• What does the failure to function adequately definition focus on?

  Individual's ability to cope in daily life
• What are the features of failure to function according to Rosenhan and Seligman?

  • Maladaptive behavior
  • Personal anguish
  • Observer discomfort
  • Irrationality
  • Unpredictability
  • Unconventionality
• What is maladaptive behavior?

  Behaviors against long-term interests
• What does personal anguish refer to?

  Individual suffering from anxiety and distress