Origins of psych

• When did Wundt open his first lab?

  1879
• Where was Wundt's first lab located?

  Germany
• What was one of Wundt's significant contributions to psychology?

  He published one of the first psychology books
• What was Wundt's objective in psychology?

  To describe the nature of human consciousness
• What method did Wundt pioneer in psychology?

  Introspection
• What does structuralism focus on?

  Isolating the structure of consciousness
• How did Wundt study sensation and perception?

  Using scientific methods
• How was introspection studied according to Wundt?

  In controlled studies
• What is a criticism of introspective methods?

  They are not reliably reproduced
• What did Nisbett and Wilson argue about introspection?

  It is often inaccurate
• What do implicit attitudes refer to?

  Unconscious biases influencing decisions
• What was questioned about introspection in the early 20th century?

  Its scientific status due to subjectivity
• Who criticized introspection for focusing on private mental processes?

  John Watson
• What did Watson argue psychology should focus on?

  Observable and measurable behaviors
• What did the shift in focus from introspection to observable behaviors lead to?

  The development of psychology as a scientific field
• What did Watson and Skinner introduce to psychology?

  Rigorous methods from natural sciences
• What did controlled lab experiments study in behaviorism?

  Observable behaviors and learning processes
• What did the cognitive revolution in the 1960s include?

  Mental processes alongside observable behaviors
• How does the cognitive approach differ from behaviorism?

  It infers mental processes from behaviors
• What modern methods does psychology incorporate?

  Advanced scanning techniques for brain activity
• Who is associated with Cartesian dualism?

  Rene Descartes
• What does Cartesian dualism state?

  Mind and body are independent from each other
• What philosophical concept did John Locke introduce?

  Empiricism
• What does empiricism claim about knowledge?

  All experience comes through the senses
• What foundation did Locke's empiricism provide for psychology?

  Foundation for behaviorism
• Who proposed the theory of evolution?

  Charles Darwin
• What does Darwin's evolutionary theory explain?

  Behavior changes over generations for survival
• What is meant by "survival of the fittest"?

  Stronger genes survive and reproduce
• How does Darwin's theory relate to psychology?

  It explains behavior through evolutionary changes