Autonomic nervous system

• Divisions of the autonomic nervous system:

  Sympathetic

  • Fight and flight response (4Fs)
  • Thoracolumbar outflow

  Parasympathetic

  • Maintains homeostasis
  • Relaxed state
  • Rest and digest
  • Craniosacral outflow

  
• Motor and sensory:

  • Motor and sensory component
  • Motor component consists of pre and post ganglionic fibres
  • Dual innervation of organs
  • All pre-ganglionic fibres cholinergic, are myelinated (fast)
  • Post ganglionic fibres are unmyelinated (slower but efficient): Parasympathetic are cholinergic, Sympathetic mostly adrenergic
• Sympathetic:

  • Pre-ganglionic fibres in lateral horn of thoracolumbar spinal cord
  • Sympathetic – one pre-ganglionic fibre synapses with 20 post-ganglionic fibres
  • Sympathetic ganglia near spine (short neurons for speed of response)
  • No cranial nerves contain sympathetic fibres (thoracolumbar outflow only)

  
• Parasympathetic:

  • Parasympathetic ganglia in or near target (except for those of the head)
  • Parasympathetic – one pre-ganglionic fibre synapses with four post-ganglionic fibres
  • Cranial nerves containing parasympathetic fibres: Occulomotor, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus

  
• Summary:


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• Overview:


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• Physiological functions regulates by ANS:


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