Migration and its impact

• Why do people migrate?

  • economic,environmental,cultural or political reasons.
• PUSH FACTORS-reasons to leave a current country
• PULL FACTORS-reasons to move to a specific country .
• Examples of push factors:

  • war or conflict
  • natural disaster
  • religious, ethnic, or cultural discrimination
  • political persecution or repressive systems
  • human rights abused
• Examples of pull factors:

  • economic and work opportunities
  • better standard of living
  • culture of respect and tolerance
  • political stability and increased freedoms
  • protection of human rights
• Migrants coming to the UK fall into these 3 categories:

  1. ECONOMIC MIGRANTS-people who move to the country for work or economic opportunities,including the workers UK needs.
• 2.PEOPLE SEEKING ASYLUM (ASYLUM SEEKERS)-leave their country as they have a fear of being prosecuted. They have formally applied, but the application is yet to be accepted.

  3.REFUGEES-people who have a fear of being prosecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, particular social groups or because of political opinions. Also applies to people who don't have a nationality and are outside their country because of habitual residence.OR are scared to avail themselves or to return to the country.
• UK OBLIGATIONS:

  • The UK has obligations by law to people seeking asylum or refugees.
  • REFUGEE CONVECTION 1951 to protect refugees.
  • HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 binds the UK by law to recognise human rights such as the right to life, the right to a fair trial and the right to freedom of expression.
• Benefits of migration:

  • social and economic seen as a benefit
  • economic migrants help the economy grow through work,tax, shopping,rent
  • migrants may have special skills that they might cover in shortage areas such as doctors and teachers
  • diversity, tolerance,and respect is enhanced through sharing cultures
• Challenges of migration:

  • population growth makes demands on housing, education, the NHS and may increase unemployment
  • rates of pay may reduce if economic migrants work for lower wages
  • challenges may cause tensions and increase support for extreme groups.
• Give one reason why the UK is obliged to accept asylum seekers:

  • Compliance with the HUMAN RIGHT ACT 1998