Chromatography techniques

    Cards (40)

    • How does chromatography separate substances?
      By utilizing their different physical properties
    • What is chromatography?
      A method to separate substances in a mixture
    • What is the purpose of chromatography in analyzing mixtures?
      To identify the components of a mixture
    • What is the main principle behind paper chromatography?
      It separates mixtures based on solubility
    • What does the movement of colored spots in paper chromatography demonstrate?
      • Different heights indicate different solubilities
      • More soluble substances travel higher
      • Less soluble substances travel lower
    • Why do substances move at different speeds in chromatography?
      Due to their different physical properties
    • What is the name of the component labeled "Solvent Front" in the image?
      Solvent Front
    • What happens to less soluble substances in paper chromatography?
      They move slower along the paper
    • What are the key factors that affect the separation of components in this setup?
      • Polarity of the components
      • Solubility of the components in the solvent
      • Interactions between the components and the paper
      • Rate of capillary action of the solvent
    • How does chromatography help in analyzing mixtures?
      It identifies components and their proportions
    • What does Paper Chromatography separate based on?
      Solvents and paper
    • What is one application of chromatography in chemistry?
      Analyzing mixtures
    • How does the setup in the image work to separate the components of a mixture?
      • The solvent travels up the paper by capillary action
      • The components in the mixture travel at different rates based on their interactions with the paper and solvent
      • This allows the components to separate and form distinct bands or spots on the paper
    • What role does the paper play in paper chromatography?
      The paper acts as a stationary phase
    • What is the purpose of identifying substances in chromatography?
      To determine presence and concentration of compounds
    • What is the name of the component labeled "Lid" in the image?
      Lid
    • What are the main features that compare paper chromatography and TLC?
      • Stationary Phase: Paper vs. Silica gel
      • Separation Speed: Slower vs. Faster
      • Quantitative Analysis: Difficult vs. Easier
    • What is the name of the component labeled "Solvent" in the image?
      Solvent
    • What is the significance of different colors traveling at different speeds in paper chromatography?
      It reveals the marker's components
    • What is one application of chromatography related to purifying compounds?
      Separating and isolating desired substances
    • What does chromatography do when separating components?
      It distinguishes and separates different substances
    • What is the basis for the separation of components in both paper and TLC chromatography?
      Different solubilities of components
    • Which method is used to separate dyes in ink?
      Paper chromatography
    • How does paper chromatography work with markers?
      • Colors travel up the paper at different speeds
      • Reveals the components of the marker
    • How could you modify the setup to improve the separation of components?
      • Use a different solvent with different polarity
      • Change the paper material to alter the interactions
      • Adjust the temperature to affect solubility and capillary action
      • Use a longer paper strip to increase separation distance
    • What is the purpose of the components shown in the image?
      • Lid: Covers the setup
      • Paper: Allows the solvent to travel up by capillary action
      • Solvent Front: Indicates how far the solvent has traveled up the paper
      • Solvent: Carries the components of the mixture up the paper
    • What are the key features of RfR_{f} values in chromatography?

      • Dimensionless number
      • Represents retention factor
      • Compares distance traveled by component to solvent front
      • Unique for different substances in the same solvent
    • How do different inks behave in paper chromatography with water as the solvent?
      They move at different rates based on solubility
    • If a component moves 3 cm and the solvent front moves 5 cm, what is the RfR_{f} value?

      0.60.6
    • How do more soluble substances behave in paper chromatography?
      They move faster along the paper
    • What does the solvent front do in paper chromatography?
      It moves upwards, carrying components
    • Why are RfR_{f} values useful in chromatography?

      They help identify specific compounds
    • What do Rf values indicate?
      How far each component travels
    • What does a higher Rf value signify about a component?
      It is more soluble than others
    • How can you visualize the role of the solvent in chromatography?
      • Think of it as water in a river
      • Carries different leaves (substances)
      • Leaves drift at varying speeds based on floatation
    • What is the role of the solvent in chromatography?
      The solvent carries the mixture's components
    • How does the solvent affect the movement of components in chromatography?
      It determines their speed based on solubility
    • What does the RfR_{f} value represent in chromatography?

      Retention factor of a substance
    • What is chromatography primarily used for?
      Separating mixtures based on physical properties
    • How is the RfR_{f} value calculated?

      Rf=R_{f} =DistancetraveledbycomponentDistancetraveledbysolventfront \frac{Distance traveled by component}{Distance traveled by solvent front}