GCSE BIOLOGY P1

    Cards (121)

    • What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?
      Cell
    • What type of cell lacks a nucleus?
      Prokaryotic Cell
    • What type of cell has a defined nucleus?
      Eukaryotic Cell
    • What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
      Contains DNA and controls cell activities
    • Where does aerobic respiration occur in the cell?
      Mitochondria
    • What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
      Protein synthesis
    • What organelles carry out photosynthesis in plant cells?
      Chloroplasts
    • What is the function of the cell membrane?
      Controls movement of substances in/out
    • What does the vacuole do in plant cells?
      Stores water and supports structure
    • What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?
      Cellulose
    • What is the genetic material in bacterial cells?
      A single circular strand of DNA
    • What are plasmids in bacteria?
      Small circular pieces of DNA
    • What is the function of the flagellum in bacteria?
      Helps bacteria move
    • What is the process of cell division called?
      Mitosis
    • What happens during interphase of mitosis?
      Cell prepares by replicating DNA
    • What occurs during prophase of mitosis?
      Chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane breaks down
    • What is the arrangement of chromosomes during metaphase?
      Line up along the cell's equator
    • What happens during anaphase of mitosis?
      Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
    • What occurs during telophase of mitosis?
      Nuclear membranes form around chromatids
    • What is cytokinesis?
      Cytoplasm divides, creating two cells
    • What is diffusion?
      Movement from high to low concentration
    • What is osmosis?
      Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane
    • What is active transport?
      Movement against concentration gradient, requires energy
    • What is an enzyme?
      A biological catalyst for chemical reactions
    • What is a substrate?
      Molecule that binds to an enzyme's active site
    • What is the active site of an enzyme?
      Specific region where substrate binds
    • What is denaturation in enzymes?
      Loss of shape due to high temperature or pH
    • What begins starch digestion in the mouth?
      Salivary amylase
    • What is the function of the esophagus?
      Moves food to the stomach through peristalsis
    • What does pepsin do in the stomach?
      Begins protein digestion
    • What role does hydrochloric acid play in the stomach?
      Helps pepsin work and kills microorganisms
    • What occurs in the duodenum of the small intestine?
      Enzymes complete digestion
    • What is the function of the ileum?
      Nutrient absorption through villi
    • What happens in the large intestine?
      Absorbs water and compacts waste into feces
    • What is the function of the heart?
      Pumps blood throughout the body
    • What does the right atrium do?
      Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
    • What is the role of the right ventricle?
      Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
    • What does the left atrium do?
      Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
    • What is the function of the left ventricle?
      Pumps oxygenated blood to the body
    • What are arteries?
      Thick-walled vessels carrying oxygenated blood