Long Term Memory

• What model of memory was introduced in the previous video?

  Multi store model of memory
• How is long-term memory coded?

  It is coded semantically
• What type of memory is muscle memory classified as?

  Procedural memory
• What are the three types of long-term memory?

  Semantic, procedural, and episodic
• How can we define the three types of long-term memory?

  • Semantic: Knowledge about the world
  • Procedural: Skills and muscle memory
  • Episodic: Memories of personal events
• What distinguishes declarative memories from non-declarative memories?

  Declarative can be put into words
• What is procedural memory also known as?

  Muscle memory
• How are episodic memories stored in relation to time?

  They are time-stamped
• How are semantic memories stored in relation to time?

  They are not time-stamped
• How are procedural memories stored in relation to time?

  They are not time-stamped
• How can episodic and semantic memories be recalled?

  Consciously
• How are procedural memories recalled?

  Unconsciously
• What type of memories are autobiographical?

  Episodic memories
• Which type of memory is easiest to forget?

  Episodic memories
• Which type of memory is most resistant to forgetting?

  Procedural memories
• What influences the strength of episodic memories?

  Level of emotion felt when coded
• What affects the strength of semantic memories?

  How deeply information is processed
• What affects the strength of procedural memories?

  How much practice has been done
• Which brain region is associated with episodic memory coding?

  Prefrontal cortex
• Which brain region is associated with semantic memory?

  Parahippocampal cortex
• Which brain regions are associated with procedural memory?

  Motor cortex and cerebellum
• What does the research by Vagara Kadim suggest about episodic and semantic memories?

  They are separate processes
• What is the significance of Clive Wearing's case study?

  It shows separate types of long-term memory
• What is a limitation of clinical case studies in memory research?

  Findings may not generalize to others
• What do modern cognitive neuroscience studies use to investigate memory?

  PET and fMRI scanners
• What is a reason to argue against clear-cut separation of memory types?

  Episodic memories can become semantic over time
• How are procedural and semantic memories connected?

  Automatic language production links them
• What are the key differences between episodic, semantic, and procedural memories?

  • Episodic: Time-stamped, autobiographical, easy to forget
  • Semantic: Not time-stamped, knowledge of facts, resistant to forgetting
  • Procedural: Not time-stamped, skills, very resistant to forgetting
• What is the next topic to be discussed in the following video?

  Working memory model