mendel

• Who is considered the founding father of genetics?

  Gregor Mendel
• What was Gregor Mendel's profession?

  Austrian scientist and monk
• What did farmers know about crossbreeding by the 1800s?

  It could lead to more favorable offspring
• What did Mendel study in his experiments?

  Traits of pea plants
• Which traits did Mendel observe in pea plants?

  Height, flower color, pod color
• What was the first cross Mendel performed with pea plants?

  • Crossed a green pea plant with a yellow pea plant
  • Resulted in all yellow pea plants
• What was the outcome when Mendel crossed yellow pea plants?

  Three quarters were yellow, one quarter green
• Why did Mendel conclude that hereditary units could be dominant or recessive?

  Because some traits were not expressed
• What are hereditary units according to Mendel?

  Factors passed from generation to generation
• When are recessive hereditary units expressed?

  If inherited from both parents
• What did Mendel's green pod plant in the third generation have?

  Two copies of the recessive unit
• What pattern did Mendel find in his experiments with traits?

  • Traits are passed down in a dominant-recessive manner
  • This pattern was consistent across different traits
• What did scientists not know about during Mendel's time?

  DNA and genes
• What discovery was made towards the end of the 1800s?

  Chromosomes were discovered
• What did scientists notice about chromosomes in the early 1900s?

  They resembled Mendel's hereditary units
• What term do we use today for Mendel's hereditary units?

  Genes
• What significant structure of DNA was discovered in the 1950s?

  Double helix structure
• When was the entire human genome sequenced?

  In 2003
• What is the significance of Mendel's work in genetics?

  • Laid the foundation for genetics
  • Introduced concepts of dominant and recessive traits
  • Influenced future genetic research and discoveries