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Biology
Bio topic 3
Gas exchange in plants
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Cards (32)
What are the three key layers for gas exchange in a dicotyledonous leaf?
Stomata
Spongy
mesophyll
Palisade mesophyll
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What is the singular form of stomata?
Stoma
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What forms the gap known as a stoma?
Two
guard cells
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Where are most stomata located on a leaf?
Lower
side
of the leaf
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What gas diffuses into the leaf through the stomata?
Carbon dioxide
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Where does carbon dioxide diffuse after entering the leaf?
Into the
spongy mesophyll
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What is the primary function of the palisade mesophyll?
Photosynthesis
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What is contained in the vascular bundle?
Xylem
and
phloem
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What does the xylem transport?
Water and dissolved
mineral ions
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What does the phloem transport?
Sucrose
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Why are palisade mesophyll cells elongated?
To maximize
light absorption
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What is the main product of photosynthesis?
Glucose
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Why does carbon dioxide diffuse into the leaf?
It is required for
photosynthesis
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What gas diffuses out of the leaf through the stomata?
Oxygen
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Why does oxygen diffuse out of the leaf?
It is a product of
photosynthesis
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When do stomata typically close?
At
night
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What happens to guard cells at night?
They
become
less
bent
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What are xerophytic plants adapted to survive?
Harsh
conditions
with little water
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What adaptations do xerophytic plants have to limit water loss?
Curled leaves to trap
humidity
Hair-like structures to retain moisture
Sunken
stomata
to reduce
evaporation
Thicker
cuticle
to prevent water loss
Longer roots to access water
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Where can marine grass typically be found?
Sand dunes
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Why is the sand in sand dunes described as porous?
It
drains
water quickly
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What is the salinity of the water near marine grass?
Very
salty
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What is the advantage of curled leaves in xerophytic plants?
Traps
evaporated
water, creating humidity
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What do the spiky structures on xerophytic plants do?
Trap
evaporated
water
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How do sunken stomata help xerophytic plants?
They create a humid environment
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What is the purpose of a thicker cuticle in xerophytic plants?
To prevent
evaporation
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Why do xerophytic plants have longer roots?
To reach water at greater
distances
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What is the main function of stomata?
Gas exchange
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What is the relationship between stomata and photosynthesis?
Stomata allow
carbon dioxide
in for photosynthesis
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What is the role of guard cells in stomata function?
They
control
the
opening
and
closing
of
stomata
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How does the structure of the palisade mesophyll contribute to its function?
Its elongated shape maximizes
light absorption
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How do xerophytic adaptations balance gas exchange and water loss?
They allow gas exchange while minimizing
evaporation
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