geo

• Earthquake

  A sudden movement of the Earth's crust that can cause shaking and damage.
• Faulting

  The breaking and moving of the Earth's crust along a fault line.
• Landslide

  The movement of rock, soil, or debris down a slope.
• Volcanic Eruption

  The release of hot ash, gas, and rock from a volcano.
• What is global atmospheric circulation?

  Transfer of heat from equator to poles
• Why does air move in the atmosphere?

  Due to differences in air pressure
• Where does wind blow from and to?

  From high pressure to low pressure
• What happens at high pressure areas?

  Cool air descends
• What occurs at low pressure areas?

  Warm air ascends
• How does global atmospheric circulation work?

  Driven by the equator's heat
• Why is the equator the hottest part of the Earth?

  Because of the sun's strongest rays
• What happens to air at the equator?

  It rises, creating low pressure
• What occurs when air reaches the edge of the atmosphere?

  It travels North and South
• What happens to air as it moves away from the equator?

  It becomes colder and denser
• What are the names of the large cells of air created?

  Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells
• What does global atmospheric circulation create?

  Winds across the planet
• What areas are affected by global atmospheric circulation?

  High rainfall and dry air areas
• What is the process of the Hadley cell?

  • Air rises at the equator, creating low pressure
  • Cools and forms clouds
  • Moves north and south towards poles
  • Sinks at 30 degrees, forming high pressure
  • Creates dry conditions and deserts
• What happens to air in the Hadley cell at 30 degrees?

  It cools and sinks, forming high pressure
• What type of winds are associated with the Hadley cell?

  Northeast and Southeast trade winds
• What causes the trade winds to flow differently in each hemisphere?

  Due to the Coriolis force and friction
• What is the process of the Ferrel cell?

  • Occurs between 30 and 60 degrees
  • Surface air is pulled towards the poles
  • Forms warm southwest and northwesterly winds
  • Meets cold polar air at 60 degrees
  • Causes low pressure and unstable weather
• What is the Polar cell characterized by?

  Cold air sinking and forming high pressure
• What is the polar front?

  Boundary between warm and cold air
• How does global atmospheric circulation affect weather at the equator?

  Causes warm moist air to rise and rain
• What happens at 30 degrees north and south of the equator?

  Deserts are often found due to dryness
• What weather conditions are associated with the UK?

  Wet and windy due to low pressure
• What are the key features of global atmospheric circulation?

  • Transfer of heat from equator to poles
  • Driven by solar radiation at the equator
  • Formation of Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells
  • Creation of trade winds and weather patterns
  • Influence on rainfall and desert locations
• What is foreign direct investment (FDI)?

  Investment in property or infrastructure abroad
• How does FDI benefit countries?

  It improves access to finance, technology, and expertise
• What is aid in the context of development?

  Money or resources given for development projects
• What is a potential downside of aid?

  It can be wasted by corrupt governments
• What is the fair trade movement focused on?

  Ensuring fair prices for farmers in low-income countries
• What is a challenge associated with fair trade?

  Only a tiny proportion reaches the producers
• What is intermediate technology?

  Simple, affordable tools and systems for quality of life
• What is microfinance?

  Small loans for people in low-income countries
• What is a benefit of microfinance?

  It enables people to start their own businesses
• What is a potential risk of microfinance?

  It can encourage people to get into debt
• What does industrial development do in low-development countries?

  Boosts GNI and productivity
• What is debt relief?

  Cancelling or lowering a country's debt