Norman England

• What was introduced to improve education during the Norman period?

  A better education system
• Why did the Normans want their children educated?

  To the highest possible standards
• Where were schools moved during the Norman reforms?

  Out of religious grounds
• What language was primarily used for writing during the Norman period?

  Latin
• Who prepared reforms for the Church that were rejected?

  Pope Gregory Anskem
• What did the 1076 decree by Pope Gregory ban?

  Lay investiture by lay bishops
• Who was St. Benedict?

  A holy person followed by religious orders
• What time did the Battle of Hastings start?

  9 am
• What tactic did Norman archers use at the Battle of Hastings?

  Fired a volley of arrows
• Why did the Norman archers' arrows miss their target?

  They were too close to the hill
• What did the Council of Westminster rule regarding clergy trials?

  Only Church courts could try the clergy
• What changes did parish priests experience under the Normans?

  Changes in their religious experience
• Who granted the Papal Banner to fight at Hastings?

  Pope Alexander II
• What was the Order of St. Benedict known for?

  A strict set of rules to live by
• What vow requires monks to give up all wealth?

  Vow of poverty
• What does the vow of chastity entail?

  Abstaining from sex and physical pleasure
• What is the vow of obedience for monks?

  To obey the teachings of God
• What does the vow of stability promise?

  Never to leave the monastery permanently
• What were benedictions in the context of monasteries?

  Payments made to monasteries for spiritual benefits
• What was a scriptorium?

  A place where monks copied books by hand
• What was the divine service performed by monks?

  Seven daily prayers for the sick
• What significant development occurred at Cluny Abbey in the 10th Century?

  It developed as a major monastic center
• Why was there a higher need for a better education system in the Norman period?

  Due to the increase in town sizes
• How many schools existed by the 13th Century?

  70 schools
• What language was spoken while Latin was written during the Norman period?

  Frank
• Who brought technology for education for 8 years?

  Lanfranc
• What is Anselm's book 'Monologion' about?

  Attributes of God
• What were grammar schools built for during the Norman period?

  To educate children for at least 9 years
• What happened to children who did not progress in grammar schools?

  They became merchants or parish clergy
• What significant event occurred in 1070s regarding William and Alexander?

  Alexander ordered William to be present for their dad's death
• What happened in 1086 involving monks and a chandelier?

  Monks melted down a chandelier worth £690
• What happened to Bishop Odo of Bayeux in 1088?

  He was stripped of gold and silver
• What did King William do in 1088 regarding church property?

  He took money from church property
• What was the outcome of William II's actions in 1095?

  He became cool and punished the sick
• What was the belief regarding towns and piety during the Norman period?

  Towns were going bad due to lack of piety
• Who armed Anselm to hear a confession?

  Harald
• What was Archbishop Lanfranc known for?

  Being highly respected and Italian
• What did Lanfranc argue with the King and barons about?

  Gradualism and church matters
• What did Lanfranc do to succeed as Archbishop?

  Went to Rome to obtain the Papal banner
• What role did Lanfranc play in relation to King William?

  Advised him on religious affairs