Ethnicity + Deviant Subcultures

• Youth Justice Board statistics from 2017-2018 show that BLK youths were _x as likely as YT youths to be arrested

  4x
• BLK ppl were _._x as likely to be stopped and searched as YT ppl in 2017/18, whereas in 2014/15 they were over _x as likely.

  9.5x - 4x
• What is the important point that Lea and Young said was missed out in UK crime stats?

  Most of UK crime is INTRA-racial - young blk males are committing crimes against e.o.
• What deviant ethnic subculture did Cashmore study?

  Rastafarianism, 1970's Britain
• What were some characteristics of Rastafarians?

  • visible style (e.g. locs, headwear) in the colours of the Ethiopian flag
  • Their ethos: Yt society = Babylon, would be destroyed by Jah and Ras Tafari (son)
  • Openly smoked marijuana to achieve higher lvl of spirituality
• Which 2 sociologists observed the Black youths who would adopt the Rasta lifestyle?

  Hebdige + Gilroy
• Why would Black-British youths adopt the Rasta lifestyle?

  to resist Yt culture + police racism
• Whose concept is the 'Paradox of Inclusion'?

  Nightingale
• What is the 'Paradox of Inclusion'?

  Young Black males consume culture + share the same values of materialism/consumerism as society> are racially excluded from achieving those goals > turning to illegitimate means
• The 'Paradox of Inclusion' was used to explain what dilemma faced by Black youths?

  Wanting to succeed & have the same things as everyone else BUT race/class = commit crime to achieve it
• Which study was similar to Nightingale's 'Paradox of Inclusion'?

  Phillipe Bourgois, Latino/AA dealers in El Barrio, NY
• What did Bourgois observe when he studied dealers in El Barrio?

  E. min youths were motivated + wanted material success but dealed as it was more lucrative/instead of min. $ job
• What did Alexander find out about the myth of the 'Asian gang' after observing a group of Asian youths?

  • Created by media moral panic
  • Fuelled by Islamophobia
• What book did Alexander write?

  'The Art of Being Black'
• What were the Black youths aware of in Alexander's book and what did they do about it?

  • Aware of public stereotypes attached to them
  • Performed to them ironically