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Psychology
Biopsychology
The Endocrine System
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Created by
Nikki Raphaels
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Cards (28)
What system
releases
hormones into the bloodstream?
Endocrine system
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How do hormones differ from
neurotransmitters
?
Hormones are released by
glands
, not
neurons
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What effects do hormones have on the
body?
They have
profound
and long-lasting effects
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What are the major functions regulated by the endocrine system?
Metabolism
Growth
Sleep
Reproduction
Emotions
Behavior
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How many major glands are in the endocrine system?
Eight
major glands
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What is the pituitary gland often referred to as?
Master gland
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Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland?
It influences
hormone
release by other glands
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What hormone does the pituitary gland release during the fight-or-flight response?
ACTH
(Adrenocorticotropic hormone)
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What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Maintains
homeostasis
and regulates the
endocrine system
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What hormone does the hypothalamus release?
CRH
(Corticotropin-releasing hormone)
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What does the pineal gland regulate?
Sleep patterns and
circadian
rhythms
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What hormone is released by the pineal gland?
Melatonin
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What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?
Influences
metabolic rate
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What hormones does the thyroid gland release?
Thyroid
hormones
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What is the role of the thymus gland?
Stimulates development of
T-cells
for immunity
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What hormone is associated with the thymus gland?
Thymosin
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What does the pancreas regulate?
Blood sugar levels
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What hormones does the pancreas release?
Insulin
and
glucagon
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What is the function of the adrenal glands?
Release
cortisol
and
adrenaline
during stress
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Where are the adrenal glands located?
On top of each
kidney
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What hormones do the testes produce?
Testosterone
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What hormones do the ovaries produce?
Estrogen
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What are the key glands and hormones to focus on for revision?
Pituitary gland
:
ACTH
Pancreas:
Insulin
,
glucagon
Adrenal glands
: Cortisol,
adrenaline
Sex glands:
Testosterone
,
estrogen
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How long has the term hormone been in use?
Just over
100 years
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What ancient practice involved hormones?
Chinese
healers extracted
sex hormones
from urine
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How long has diabetes been diagnosed?
Over 2,000
years
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Who popularized the diagnosis of diabetes?
Hippocrates
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What are the historical methods for diagnosing diabetes?
Tasting urine for sweetness
Observing symptoms of
excessive
thirst
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