NAZI POLICE STATE

• When was the SS formed?

  1925
• What was the primary requirement for SS members?

  Absolute loyalty to Hitler
• How did the size of the SS change from 1925 to 1934?

  It grew to over 250,000 members
• Who became head of all police agencies in Germany in 1934?

  Heinrich Himmler
• What was the main task of the SS?

  Maintaining security within the party and country
• What does SD stand for in the context of the SS?

  Security Service
• What was the primary function of the Gestapo?

  Arresting political opponents
• Who set up the Gestapo?

  Hermann Göring
• What year did Heinrich Himmler become the head of the SS?

  1929
• What was the Gestapo's most important function?

  Arrest and torture of political opponents
• What was the purpose of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD)?

  To deal with potential enemies of the Nazi state
• How did the SD ensure the removal of potential enemies?

  By monitoring political and social activities
• What was the earliest concentration camp established?

  Dachau
• What types of individuals were initially detained in concentration camps?

  Political opponents and dissenters
• How many people were under arrest for political offences by 1939?

  More than 150,000
• What did different colored triangles signify for prisoners?

  Categories of prisoners based on their offenses
• What color triangle denoted political prisoners?

  Red
• What was the role of judges in Nazi Germany according to Source I?

  To safeguard the order of the racial community
• What did Hitler mean by "the main task is to secure the social order"?

  To maintain control over society
• What was the purpose of the People's Court?

  To try cases of treason
• What was the significance of the Decree for the Protection of the Nationalist Movement?

  To punish harmful statements against the Reich
• How did the Nazis control the legal system from 1933 to 1939?

  By infiltrating police and judiciary with loyalists
• What does Source K imply about the Nazi legal system?

  Judges had discretion to fill legal gaps
• What was the role of the Nazi police and security organizations by the end of 1934?

  To infiltrate the government structure
• Why did the Nazis categorize prisoners in concentration camps?

  To manage and control different groups
• What can be inferred about life in Germany under the Nazis from Source D?

  Life was controlled and monitored by authorities
• What was the impact of the concentration camp system on families?

  Many families lost members and stability
• Who was responsible for organizing the Night of the Long Knives?

  Heinrich Himmler
• What was the role of the SS in relation to concentration camps?

  They ran the camps alongside the Gestapo
• How did the SS and SD differ in their functions?

  SS focused on security, SD on intelligence
• What was the significance of the enabling Act for concentration camps?

  It allowed for the increase in camps
• What was the fate of many political opponents under the Gestapo?

  They faced arrest and torture
• How did the Nazis view the Jewish population?

  As a primary target for persecution
• What does the phrase "everything which is lawful, everything which harms is unlawful" imply about Nazi law?

  Law was subjective and controlled by the regime
• What was the role of the Minister of Justice in the People's Court?

  To check if sentences were too lenient
• What was the main task of the Gestapo?

  To arrest anyone opposing the Nazis
• What was the purpose of the SD's intelligence operations?

  To identify and eliminate enemies of the state
• How did the concentration camp system affect the social structure in Germany?

  It led to family breakdown and fear
• What was the significance of the colored triangles worn by prisoners?

  They indicated the type of prisoner
• What was the role of Heinrich Himmler in the Nazi regime?

  Leader of the SS and police agencies