Mitosis & Meisosis

    Cards (27)

    • What does mitosis produce?
      2 identical daughter cells
    • What are the main phases of mitosis?
      • Interphase
      • Mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
      • Cytokinesis
    • What happens to chromosomes during prophase?
      Chromosomes condense and become visible
    • What occurs to centrioles during prophase?
      Centrioles separate and move to opposite ends
    • What do protein microtubules form during prophase?
      They form the spindle apparatus
    • What happens to the nuclear envelope during prophase?
      The nuclear envelope disintegrates
    • What is the arrangement of chromosomes during metaphase?
      Chromosomes align along the equator of the cell
    • What connects the centromere to the spindle fibres during metaphase?
      The centromere attaches to the spindle fibres
    • What happens to spindle fibres during anaphase?
      Spindle fibres shorten and pull chromatids apart
    • What is the first action that occurs in anaphase?
      Centromeres split, allowing chromatids to separate
    • What occurs during telophase regarding chromatids?
      Chromatids reach the poles and become chromosomes
    • What happens to the nuclear envelope during telophase?
      The nuclear envelope reforms around chromosomes
    • What is cytokinesis?
      Division of the cytoplasm to form two cells
    • How does cytokinesis differ in animal and plant cells?
      Animal Cell:
      • Constricts around the equator forming a cleavage furrow

      Plant Cell:
      • Vesicles fuse to form a cell plate
      • New cell wall laid down between membranes
    • What is the outcome of meiosis I?
      Two haploid cells are formed
    • What happens to chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis?
      Homologous chromosomes pair up to form bivalents
    • What is synapsis in meiosis I?
      Pairing of homologous chromosomes
    • What occurs during metaphase I?
      Bivalents line up at the equator
    • What happens during anaphase I?
      Chromosomes in each bivalent separate
    • What occurs during telophase I?
      Nuclear envelope reforms around haploid chromosomes
    • What is produced at the end of cytokinesis I?
      Two haploid cells
    • What occurs during metaphase II?
      Chromosomes line up on the equator
    • What happens during prophase II?
      Centrioles separate and organise a new spindle
    • What happens during anaphase II?
      Centromeres split and chromatids separate
    • What is the outcome of telophase II?
      Four haploid cells are produced
    • What happens to chromatids at the poles during telophase II?
      Chromatids lengthen and become indistinguishable
    • What are the key outcomes of meiosis?
      • Produces four haploid daughter cells
      • Each cell has two chromatids
      • Cells can form a tetrad
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