Cell biology

• What is active transport?

  Movement against a concentration gradient using energy
• What is an adult stem cell?

  A stem cell that can form many cell types
• What is agar jelly used for?

  To culture microorganisms in petri dishes
• What is cell differentiation?

  Process where a cell becomes specialized for function
• What is the cell membrane?

  A partially permeable barrier surrounding the cell
• What is the function of the cell wall?

  Strengthens plant cells with cellulose
• What is a chloroplast?

  An organelle where photosynthesis occurs
• What are chromosomes?

  DNA structures made up of genes in the nucleus
• What is a concentration gradient?

  The difference in concentration between two areas
• What is diffusion?

  Spreading of particles from high to low concentration
• What is an embryonic stem cell?

  A stem cell that can differentiate into most human cells
• What is a eukaryotic cell?

  A cell with a nucleus found in plants and animals
• What does magnification refer to?

  How much bigger an image appears than the object
• What are meristematic cells?

  Stem cells that can differentiate into any plant cell
• What is the function of mitochondria?

  Site of respiration in the cell
• What is mitosis?

  Cell division producing two identical daughter cells
• What is the nucleus?

  Organelle containing genetic material and controlling activities
• What is an organelle?

  A specialized structure found inside a cell
• What is osmosis?

  Diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane
• What is a plasmid?

  Loops of DNA found in prokaryotic cells
• What is a prokaryotic cell?

  A cell found in bacteria without a nucleus
• What does resolution refer to?

  The ability to distinguish two different points in a specimen
• What are specialized cells?

  Cells adapted to perform a specific function
• What is a stem cell?

  An undifferentiated cell that can produce specialized cells
• What is surface area?

  The amount of contact an object has with its environment
• What is surface area to volume ratio (SA:V)?

  The size of an object compared to its contact area
• What is the cell cycle?

  A series of stages preparing the cell for division
• What is therapeutic cloning?

  Producing an embryo with the same genes as a patient
• What is the function of a vacuole?

  An organelle that stores cell sap