movement analysis

• planes are imaginary flat surfaces which run through the body dividing it into two describing the directions of the movement
• the sagital plane divides the body into a left and right side
• the frontal plane divides the body into front and back
• the transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom
• axes are imaginary lines which run through the body that the body moves around
• the sagital plane goes with the frontal axis for flexion and extension so somersaults and bicep curls can be done
• the frontal plane goes with the sagital axis so abduction and adduction and cartwheels and star jumps can be done
• the transverse plane and vertical axis go together allowing twisting and rotations for pirouettes and full twists
• the sagittal axis runs through the body from the front to back
• the frontal axis runs through the body from left to right
• the vertical axis runs through the body from top to bottom
• the fulcrum is the joint / pivot point from where the lever rotates
• the load is the force applied by the lever system (body weight or something picked up)
• the effort is the point where the force is applied (muscle)
• levers are made up of the fulcrum load and effort FLE
• 1st class levers have the fulcrum in the middle
• 2nd class levers have the load in the middle
• 3rd class levers have the effort in the middle
• 2nd class levers can overcome heavy loads with less weight
• 1st class leavers move slower and are less flexible
• 3rd class leavers cannot lift as heavy loads but can cover distances quickly
• a first class lever is the neck
• a second class lever is the ankle
• a third class lever is the elbow
• mechanical advantage is when a large load is lifted with little effort
• mechanical advantages are found when the distance from the fulcrum to the effort is greater than from the fulcrum to the load
• a mechanical advantaged lever can only move short distances at slow speeds
• 2nd class levers always have a mechanical advantage
• 1st class levers have a mechanical advantage when the fulcrum is closer to the load than the effort
• mechanical disadvantages are found when a large effort is needed to move a load
• mechanical disadvantaged levers can move the loads quickly and through a large range of movement
• 3rd class levers always have a mechanical disadvantage
• 1st class levers have a mechanical disadvantage if the fulcrum is closer to the effort than the load