Lesson 14

• What is the purpose of commercial lamination?

  To improve functionality and moisture resistance
• How is a polymer film or spray applied in lamination?

  It is applied to the surface of the material
• How do laminated pouches differ from polymer film applications?

  Laminated pouches seal the edges, while films do not
• Which lamination technique is suitable for a café menu?

  Using a polymer film or spray
• What is the purpose of treatments and finishes in card-based food packaging?

  To improve functionality
• How might the treatments differ on the inner and outer sides of packaging?

  Inner sides may focus on moisture resistance
• How do production methods for card-based packaging differ from drinks cups?

  Card-based packaging may require different treatments
• How could a wax coating be used instead of lamination?

  To provide moisture resistance without sealing
• What is the most common method for printing on papers and boards?

  Lithography
• What does the term lithography mean in Greek?

  It means 'stone writing'
• What is litho printing primarily used for?


  High volume commercial print runs
• How does litho printing handle paper or card?


  It can print on both sides
• How does the offset lithographic process work?

  Transfers image from a metal plate to rollers
• What happens to the image during the offset lithographic process?

  A mirror image is transferred and corrected
• What are the two color processes mentioned?

  RGB and CMYK
• What is RGB associated with?

  Computers, cameras, and televisions
• Why should colors be selected in CMYK for print?

  To ensure accurate final product printing
• What four colors make up a color image in offset lithographic printing?

  Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key (Black)
• How is artwork prepared for offset lithographic printing?

  It is separated into four colors and exposed onto plates
• What happens as each color is rolled in offset lithographic printing?

  They mix to create the final image
• What is required for print quality control?

  Colors must overlap precisely during printing
• What happens if colors are misaligned during printing?

  The image or text appears fuzzy or low quality
• What are crop marks used for in printing?

  To show where to trim the paper
• What do registration marks help with?

  To check prints are properly aligned
• What do color bars help printers check?

  Ink intensity and color accuracy
• What is Pantone® used for?

  To produce standardized color variations
• Why is color matching desirable in design?

  To ensure consistency across printed materials
• What is the basic process of screen printing?

  Uses a stencil over a mesh screen
• What is the role of a rubber squeegee in screen printing?

  It forces ink through the mesh onto material
• What types of materials can screen printing be used on?

  Posters, fabrics, glass, and wood
• What is flexography?

  A type of relief printing using raised images
• Why is flexography used for high volume print runs?

  Due to high setup costs
• What materials can flexography be used on?

  Plastic, foil, brown paper, and newsprint
• What type of ink is used in flexography?

  Thin, fast-drying ink
• What is a common use of die cutting?

  Punching out mass-produced box nets
• How does die cutting work?

  Material is pressed onto blades to cut shapes
• What is the purpose of UV spot varnishing?

  To apply a gloss finish to unmasked areas
• What is the significance of embossing in printing?


  It creates a raised design on the material
• How does embossing and debossing work?

  Involves two plates compressing the material
• What is a significant use of embossing?

  Producing Braille text