cognitive

• In cognitive psychology, what broad topic does the study material primarily address?

  Memory
• What specific memory model is discussed?

  Working Memory Model
• What is another memory model mentioned in the study material?

  Multi Store Model of Memory
• What type of memory is described as reconstructive?

  Reconstructive Memory
• Who researched long-term memory?

  Tulving
• What component of working memory controls attentional control?

  Central Executive
• What is the primary function of the Central Executive in working memory?

  Controls available mental resources
• What is the function of the visuospatial sketchpad?

  Holds info that we see
• What does the visuospatial sketchpad allow us to do?

  Manipulates spatial objects in our mind
• How many main portions does the visuospatial sketchpad have?

  Two
• What is the function of the visual cache?

  Stores info about form + colour
• What is the function of the inner scribe?

  Deals with spatial + movement
• Which component combines visual and auditory information to form an integrated scene?

  Episodic Buffer
• What type of information is contained within the episodic buffer?

  Video experiences
• What characteristic do experiences in the episodic buffer have?

  Universality
• What does the episodic buffer provide?

  Chronological order or time sequence
• What type of information does the phonological loop deal with?

  Auditory info
• What does the phonological store hold?

  The sound
• What is the function of the articulatory control system?

  Repeats or reads out sound
• Who proposed the Working Memory Model in 1976?

  Baddeley + Hitch
• According to the study material, what is the capacity of short-term memory?

  5-9 items
• What is the duration of information in short-term memory according to the study material?

  Up to 30 secs
• How is information coded in short-term memory according to the study material?

  Acoustically
• What is the capacity of long-term memory according to the study material?

  Unlimited
• What is the duration of long-term memory according to the study material?

  Lifetime
• How is information coded in long-term memory according to the study material?

  Semantically
• What is the capacity of sensory memory according to the study material?

  Unlimited
• What is the duration of sensory memory according to the study material?

  Rapidly lost in seconds
• How is information coded in sensory memory according to the study material?

  5 senses/ differently coded
• What are the strengths of the Working Memory Model?

  • Good understanding of the structure and process of the STM
  • Allows researchers to expand on the model
  • Model can account for primary + recency effects
  • Supported by studies = HM, Clive Wearing
• What is chunking?

  Making meaningful info through organising it
• What is maintenance rehearsal?

  Remembering things by repeating it acoustically
• What is elaborative rehearsal?

  Breaking down info by its meaning + linking it
• What are the weaknesses of the Working Memory Model?

  • Model is oversimplified
  • Suggests LTM + STM operate in single, uniform fashion
  • WMM shows it is much more complicated
  • STM duration has low ecological validity
  • Peterson + Peterson used nonsense trigrams such as 'XQF' to investigate STM duration
• What type of memory is similar to a TV show?

  Episodic Memory
• What is characteristic of episodic memory?

  A memory you can recall
• What is a defining feature of episodic memory, in terms of time?

  Memories linked to when they occured
• What is the time referencing of episodic memory?

  Chronological order
• What type of information do you get out of semantic memory?

  Info or meaning
• What do you not recall in semantic memory?

  When or where you obtained memory