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GCSE PE Paper 2
Engagement patterns of different social groups
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Gender: 3 facts about the comparison between Men and Women
-On average, women have
2/3rd's
the strength of men with less muscle mass. This is a disadvantage for strength-based activities.
-Levels of
flexibility
tends to be greater in females
-
Boys
tend to overtake
girls
in terms of height, weight and strength from the age of
11
. (reason for single sex sports to be practised after this age)
Race, Religion and Culture (2 limitations)
-Dress codes may prevent
participation
in sport e.g. wearing turban in
road cycling
-Dietary
guidelines
which may affect
training
and
competition
e.g. Fasting during Ramadan
How does the Psychological factor of Age influence participation in sport (4 reasons)
-Very young children cannot cope with
difficult tasks
which can affect their ability to learn and practise.
-
Flexibility
decreases with age, making sports such as
gymnastics
harder when you get older
-
Oxygen capacity
and
reaction times
decrease as you become older
-
Injury
and
disease
more likely when you are older (bones are more
brittle
and therefore may break, meaning recovery times are longer)
What is one reason for age divisions in sports?
Physical Development
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Why might younger athletes be at a disadvantage in competitions?
They are still
growing
and less
mature
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What is a second reason for age divisions in sports?
Skill and Experience Levels
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How do older athletes create an unfair advantage?
They often have more
training
and experience
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What is a third reason for age divisions in sports?
Injury Prevention
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Why does competing against older athletes increase injury risk?
Older athletes are
stronger
and more developed
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What is a fourth reason for age divisions in sports?
Equal Opportunities
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How do age divisions promote equal opportunities in sports?
They allow competition among similar
ability levels
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What is a fifth reason for age divisions in sports?
Psychological Development
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Why might younger athletes struggle psychologically in competitions?
They face greater mental demands from
older
players
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How do age divisions contribute to the overall enjoyment of competition?
They create
balanced
and fair competition
View source
Positive factors of Friends, Family and Peers (2 ideas)
-May encourage
participations
or may even join in
-Help with
expenses
: Equipment, Training, Transport
Negative factors of Family, Friends and Peers
-If they don't see
benefits
(may try to put you off)
-Particularly the case with
peer pressure
and
'anti-sport'
groups being very influential
4 ways sport caters for Disability?
-Adapted activities (allowing participation e.g.
wheelchair
rugby)
-Adapted equipment (footballs with ball bearings so
visually impaired
players can hear balls as it moves)
-Disability classifications (able to compete with others who have same/similar disability to make it inclusive and fair)
-Provision for people with disabilities (car parks with designated wider parking bays, ramps for wheelchairs)
10 common engagement pattern factors?
Attitudes
Role-models
Accessibility
Media coverage
Sexism and stereotyping
Family commitments
Available leisure time
Familiarity
Education
Socio-economic
factors and disposable income
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