Characteristics of Phobias, Depression and OCD

• What three psychopathologies are focused on in this unit?

  Phobias, depression, and OCD
• What are the three types of characteristics described for phobias, depression, and OCD?

  • Behavioral characteristics
  • Emotional characteristics
  • Cognitive characteristics
• What is a common behavior of individuals with phobias?

  Avoidance of the phobic object
• What is Arachnophobia?

  A fear of spiders
• What is claustrophobia?

  A fear of enclosed spaces
• What is avoidant behavior in the context of phobias?

  Physically adapting behavior to avoid phobic objects
• What physical response is associated with phobias?

  Uncontrollable panic response
• What is a generalized failure to function in relation to phobias?

  Inability to engage in normal daily activities
• How does anxiety manifest in individuals with phobias?

  As a high state of arousal and worry
• What emotional state is linked to phobias?

  Intense fear
• What cognitive characteristic do phobia sufferers exhibit?

  Exaggerated belief in harm from phobic objects
• What is anadonia in the context of depression?

  Lack of energy for enjoyable activities
• What is a common emotional characteristic of depression?

  Persistent low mood
• What behavioral change might occur in someone with depression?

  Change in activity level
• What is a cognitive characteristic of depression?

  Negative schemas about self and future
• What does OCD stand for?

  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• What are obsessions in OCD?

  Intrusive and irrational thoughts
• What are compulsions in OCD?

  Behavioral responses to obsessions
• What is a common compulsion in OCD?

  Checking behaviors
• What is hyper vigilance in OCD?

  Constant state of alertness for threats
• What does selective attention mean in the context of OCD?

  Focus on objects related to obsessions
• What are the emotional characteristics of OCD?

  • Extreme anxiety
  • Depression due to uncontrollable thoughts
• What are the behavioral characteristics of depression?

  • Change in activity level
  • Lethargy and lack of energy
  • Poor personal hygiene
  • Changes in eating behavior
  • Possible self-harm
• What are the emotional characteristics of phobias?

  • Anxiety as a high state of arousal
  • Intense fear linked to the phobic object
• What are the cognitive characteristics of depression?

  • Poor concentration
  • Indecisiveness
  • Negative schemas
• What are the cognitive characteristics of phobias?

  • Exaggerated beliefs about harm
  • Reduced cognitive capacity
• What are the behavioral characteristics of OCD?

  • Compulsions (checking, cleaning)
  • Avoidance of triggering objects
  • Social withdrawal